Social Revolution

Next Ogburn asks, What then atomic number 18 the factors that explain cultural phylogenesis? and answers himself (23):

1.Invention: a combination of existing and known elements of agriculture, satisfying and /or non-material, or a modification of one to do work a new one (23) Inventions be the evidence on which we base our observations of social evolution; they are [also; hence?] the most(prenominal) crucial factor in cultural evolution. Inventions are do from a combination of noetic ability , demand [akin to utility, strongest hammer is that of necessity], and the cultural basethe existence of other cultural elements divulge of which inventions are fashioned (23).

2.Accumulation: occurs when more than new elements are added to the cultural base than are lost (24). Presumably, inventions accumulate for the like reason they are made: utility (24). The accumulation run was speeded first by the development of speech and then by writing. By emphasizing accumulation as one aspect of society (typical emphasis is on behavior), Ogburn claims to get a clearer bill between constant biological behavior and varying, accumulative knowing behavior in social change. In particular, it destroys the ethnocentric, egotistical invention that man created civilization and replaces it with the much truer idea that man contractable civilization (25).



Thus, different peoples are born into different accumulations of culture. though they have the same inherited mental abilities, their operating mental abilities may vary enormously, according to the pile of culture into which they are born (25). Accumulation tends to be exponential, since the number of inventions is a liaison of the size of the cultural base (25). [Note: sheer number of inventions produces more inventions, not inventiveness=mental ability.] As to change, it is most right-hand(a) to say that a people is the carrier of a culture that is growing either rapidly or slowly, kinda than that a people is more or less fanciful (27).

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