american gods :: essays research papers

American Gods There was shut away as they crossed the bridge."Who did kill those men?" she asked."You wouldnt intrust me if I told you.""I would." She sounded angry now. He wondered if bringing the wine to the dinner had been a wise liking. Life was certainly not a cabernet right now."Its not easy to view.""I," she told him, "can entrust anything. You have no idea what I can believe.""Really?""I can believe things that atomic number 18 true and I can believe things that bent true and I can believe things where nobody knows if theyre true or not. I can believe in Santa Claus and the Easter Bunny and Marilyn Monroe and the Beatles and Elvis and Mister Ed. Listen-I believe that people argon perfectible, that knowledge is infinite, that the world is run by out of sight banking cartels and is visited by aliens on a regular basis, nice whizs that look ilk wrinkledy lemurs and bad ones who mutilate cattle and want our wa ter and our women. I believe that the future sucks and I believe that the future rocks and I believe that one twenty-four hour period White Buffalo Woman is going to come rachis and kick everyones ass. I believe that all men are just overgrown boys with deep problems communicating and that the decline in expert sex in America is coincident with the decline in chicane movie theaters from state to state. I believe that all politicians are unscrupulous crooks and I still believe that they are better than the alternative. I believe that California is going to sink into the sea when the big one comes, patch Florida is going to dissolve into madness and alligators and toxic waste. I believe that antibacterial soap is destroying our resistance to dirt and disease so that one day well all be wiped out by the common cold ilk the Martians in War of the Worlds. I believe that the greatest poets of the last carbon were Edith Sitwell and Don Marquis, that jade is dried dragon sperm, and that thousands of years ago in a former life I was a one-armed Siberian shaman. I believe that mankinds destiny lies in the stars. I believe that candy really did taste better when I was a kid, that its aerodynamically impossible for a bumblebee to fly, that light is a revolve and a particle, that theres a cat in a box somewhere whos alive and dead at the similar time (although if they dont ever open the box to lead it itll eventually just be two different kinds of dead), and that there are stars in the universe billions of years older than the universe itself.

Edward R. Murrow & Socrates Essay

Indestructible fearlessness, persistence and public service drove two Socrates and Murrow to live their lives with unwavering commit workforcet for truth, critical intellection and unbendable integrity. With these values, Socrates and Murrow make their own lives as vivid ex adenosine monophosphateles of truth and veracity. They set the standards for all concomitant Western philosophy and the ideal broadcast journalism respectively. Nevertheless, their enduring fearlessness may have brought them also to make half of themselves as b bely ego maniacs or perhaps, self-centered intellectuals.Socrates pursuit of virtue and his strict inclination to truth clashed with the current course of Athenian politics and society. During his time, Socrates appears to have been a critic of democracy wherein some scholars had interpreted his trial as an musing of political infighting. He boldly face the charges make by the board as seen in Platos Apology, an account of Socratess (unsuccessful) s peech in his own defense before the Athenian jury. Socratess speech includes a detailed description of the motives and goals of philosophical activity as he near it, together with a passionate declaration of its value for life.I was real struck when Socrates purposefully gave a defiant defense to the jury because he believed he would be better off dead. With this assertment, we can say that Socrates rightfully happens to be a man of truth and valor similar to his new-fashioned counterpart, Edward Murrow. According to Wadleigh, Murrow, at every juncture, did what he thought was right. He took risks that at the time seemed outrageous and he was not afraid of eachthing. Furthermore, his exceptional courage is seen when he let Senator McCarthy hang himself with his open criticism program- merely without any expose (Wershba & Hottlelet).It was found out that Socratess works are often philosophical or dramatic texts rather than straightforward histories. check to Murrow, hi s voice made the words catch fire The way he could add drama to the simplest looking text made him amazing (Wershba & Kalb). Murrow offered himself to public service analogous to the teaching life of Socrates. Socrates pointedly declined to seize payment for his work with students whereas Murrow fearlessly did his job as a broadcaster. He was a driven reporter truly driven to tell stack what was going on. He do it with intensity (Hottlelet) Plato refers to Socrates as the gadfly of the state (as the gadfly stings the horse into action, so Socrates fuddled Athens), insofar as he irritated the establishment with considerations of justice and the pursuit of goodness. If Socrates stung Athens, then Murrow stung America using his charisma, integrity and personal standards (Wershba). It is Socrates and Murrows critical sentiment that made themselves men of worth. Socrates showed this (critical hark backing) through his philosophical works while Murrow made this appear through his jobs as a writer and broadcaster.These two men were really exceptional by committing themselves in pursuit of truth. However, their deep thinking and boldness has somehow conflicted their commitment to truth thus making half of themselves as merely ego maniacs or self-centered intellectuals. It was supported by the reasons why Murrow left his job at CBS Then there was the former(a) side of Murrow, the driven news reporter. Murrow made Harvest of Shame and showed the malodorous spots of American life. CBS Chairman William Paley didnt like that. It scared off sponsors. Paley wanted it tame. Murrow wanted it real. (Hottlelet) another(prenominal) statement was from Hewitt telling that Murrow would talk with his somebody to Person guests beforehand Murrow felt that for entertainment some discussion to earn the subjects was legitimate. Paley disagreed, so Murrow left. He has that hidden pride in his self. Like what Ive said earlier, he did what he thought was right which is to l eave CBS. Another thing I noticed about Murrow is his sense of egoism or perhaps, self-importance. It was stated in one of the interviews that Murrow selected very good people, who, in his presence, got better.Those approximately him never wanted to disappoint or embarrass Edso they pushed themselves to their outer limits He set the pace he was the example. (Kalb) This statement was except supported by Hottlelet He never gave instructions. He knew his worth. I think he just expected the trained reporters he hired to watch over his example. The life of Socrates appears to be really parallel to the life of Edward Murrow. By undermentioned what they thought was right and by pursuing the truth, they made half of themselves as the greatest and the most defiant men in history but half as conceited and egoistic individuals of all times.

Quantitative Methods for Business Essay

Quantitative techniques ar mathematical and reproducible. Regression compend is an ex group Ale of virtuoso such technique. statistical abridgment is too an example of a quantifiable technique. Quantitative techniques ar applied for rail line analysis to optimize decision making IE meshing maximization and cost minimization. It covers linear programming models and different special(a) algorithms, inventory and fruition models. Albert Humphrey, a wanglement consultant who specialized in organizational management, devised the SWOT analysis technique at Stanford Research take in the 1960s.Today, non only large corporations still also not-for-profit and government agencies employ SWOT analysis. An enhanced method, known as the six Forces Model, further jockstraps to quantify competition, acquireers and suppliers. Identify strengths and weaknesses to assess whether the desired end pass on is possible. If it is not, revise your objective to reflect an attainable goal. character SWOT analysis in strategic mean, crisis management and feasibility studies. Apply SWOT analysis techniques in academic environments for climb upmental studies. Use SWOT analysis to conception start how to exploit separately strong point and minimize each disadvantage.SWOT analysis techniques facilitate decision making by classifying and categorizing factors that forge the come oncome of activities. Identifying the strengths or weaknesses of your product, price, place of sale and promotion strategy in concert with listing economic, technological and legal factors help you identify your warring placement. Quantitative info help you to how constantlyify how substantial each performance is to your company (http//rapidbi. wordpress. com/2008/12/29/history-of-the-swot-analysis/). SWOT analysis is typically place as one of two types cooking or market placeing.Corporate planning involves setting objectives, assessing abilities, analyzing current strategies, develo ping new strategies or preparing for different scenarios that capacity require intervention. This type of SWOT analysis is typically conducted by project-management police squads. market analysis, on the get through, involves conducting research to gather opinions, for example, through surveys. These be usually undefiled by customers or potential clients. The quantifiable results hind end reveal trends or validate hypotheses you have about how to market your product.Form a cross-functional team to conduct your planning SWOT analysis. Diverse viewpoints produce the best results and hold approximated thinking. Resist the temptation to abandon your objectives as unattainable without close scrutiny. Think creatively to aim the info your analysis produces. Match strengths to opportunities when conducting a marketing SWOT analysis. Find innovative ways to convert threats and weaknesses into strengths. Use SWOT analysis to find new markets while avoiding markets for which your company is ill-suited (http//www. ehow. com/about_54926434_sstrength-weakness- valued-technique. html).The use of duodecimal and soft methods in evaluating and planning business related functions is prevailing to business success. Good ideas and hard work are often irreplaceable, but proper application of pertinent analytical techniques evict help fix that your company is successful by any measure. Both quantitative and qualitative tools are available to even the smallest of businesses, ranging from straightforward techniques such as break-even analysis and SWOT analysis. Quantitative research refers to the systematic empirical investigation of tender phenomena via statistical, mathematical or computational techniques.The objective of quantitative research is to develop and employ mathematical models, theories and/or hypotheses pertaining to phenomena. The process of measurement is central to quantitative research because it provides the fundamental connection between empirica l observation and mathematical expression of quantitative relationships. Quantitative Approach provides us the mathematical & statistical, tools & techniques to optimize the managerial decision making in the areas of planning and control. Such as budgeting, scheduling, quality control etc. Quantitative Courses help you get a job.Because usually you start at lower take aims of management, where in that respect arent many strategic decisions you make. Your intuition is not trusted upon and you must(prenominal) back your decisions with numbers (cook them up if you cant find them. Thats what my internship experience says, but do not quote me on that). So, they compliments quantitative skills in you. However, as discussed widely across the world, obsession with quantitative stuff can be disastrous. They are only tools and do not substitute managerial judgment. And as you rise in the hierarchy, you intuition and qualitative judgment start getting valued.Qualitative skills are no t just a good-to-have asset then, but absolute requirement. Because for taking higher level decisions, you may not always have the kind of precise simulation you have for lower level jobs. But most important social function about quantitative courses, while you are a scholarly person, is that they can be learnt. Learnt irrespective of several things going wrong like having an incompetent teacher hitherto if you do not have much(prenominal) aptitude, by on the job(p) hard you can extract something from these courses. Qualitative courses on the other hand pose several problems in learning.Irrespective of the presence of several much touted pedagogical tools and techniques, they depend heavily on the quality of the instructor, aptitude of the student and the chemistry between the two. An inarticulate instructor may still manage to teach you a quantitative course, but for a qualitative one it is disastrous. Well, one big problem with qualitative courses is that by the time you sha ll be allowed to use them in an organization, you would have forgotten them all. Many students wonder if theyll ever truly bespeak to know how to use the quadratic equation or find the volume of a cone.Not realizing how useful math can be, some choose to only fulfill the minimum requirements that their high schools requires. Those at College Board also emphasize how math can help you curry for a career. The skills that you learn in math courses may be relevant down the line, even if you are not studying to become an aim or an accountant. Many entry-level jobs require employees to have some math knowledge. Even understanding the basic math functions can be advantageous. Mathematical courses can prove powerful support for business decisions.In their later business careers, this will motivate them to consult with mathematicians and employ effective quantitative methods. mathematics provides many important tools for economics and other business fields. The recognition of its splen dor by many students each year will certainly corroborate the position of mathematics in our society. Why do business consultants and directors strike to know math? Business is all about handleing a product or service to make money. All transactions inwardly a business have to be recorded in the troupe accounts and quite often involve very large sums of money. http//johnsonsr. spps. org/Why_is_math_important. html).So for example, you need to be able to estimate the effect of changing numbers in the accounts when trying to work out your expected performance for next year. too businesses rely heavily on using percentages, in special anyone who flora as a sales person will need to be quick at mental arithmetic, approximation and in working out percentages, The more percentage discount you give a customer when you sell them a product, the less profit your company will make, so it really does pay to know your math (Brechner).One area where quantitative techniques are applied in b usiness is in the area of finances. Some of the models that pecuniary managers and analysts use are return on investment, decision trees and net devote value. financial analysts regularise how much profit a particular product brings in versus the costs of producing that product. They run regressions and analyses to note trends over time and determine how much to invest in a particular business line. Financial analysts also use quantitative methods to determine productivity and whether or not to hire, retain or lay off workers.They use quantitative data to manage risk and create investment vehicles. Advertisers use quantitative data to determine how many viewers or readers will propose a particular advertisement in a particular medium. They use data from rating services to find out how many people perforate on a certain website or watch a particular television show at any time. Advertisers also use quantitative data to do pre- and post-testing of advertisements.Advertisers use surveys to test ad recall in viewers, and ttitudes about proposed advertisements, among other things. Companies make heavy use of statistics to determine how to market their products, which markets their products and services will do best in and which consumers will buy their products. There are thousands of companies in the United States that gather and analyze data about consumer interests, desires, likes, dislikes, motivations and concerns. Marketers use this data to focus sponsorships, direct mail campaigns and position their companies in the general culture.Marketers also use data from UPC codes at stores (often in combination with shopper discount cards) to determine who is buying their products, how often and where. This also gives them important information to use in making decisions about stocking, delivery and promotions. damages companies have a multitude of applications for quantitative data. Although many of these applications could transfer to other businesses, insura nce companies have dozens of statisticians or actuaries on staff. Therefore, they have the manpower and know-how to analyze mountains of data.For example, insurance companies gather data about each sales representative in each line of business. They then analyze the data to see if there are similarities in the top salespeople so they can exhort improvements to those not doing so well. They also see which lines of business produce profit and which should be closed down because they are unprofitable. Insurance company actuaries also analyze data on accidents, fires, floods and other mishaps that require them to pay out money and use these analyses to set insurance rates for their customers.

Poem Analysis- Robert Fross; Robert Browning; Anne Bradstreet Essay

Robert Frost, Out,Out1. In line 15, Frost describes the apothegm as being sinister. He infers that the axiom has a mind of its own, by stating that the saw jumped out of the male childs hand and cut the boys hand terribly. Frost also lines it seem as if the saw is in a sort, like a friend. He does this by demonstrating that using the saw is an advantage for the boy because it is making his job ten times easier. Without the saw, the boy would spend hours cutting through the wood. 2. In Frosts poem, the masses that surround the boy must be his family. It could also very a lot be friends, or members of his community, along with the doctor and nurses usageing on his injury. The tactile property of the poem leads me to conclude that the they in the poem werent very surprise or moved by the boys injury, or death, because this top executive abide happened before, or they just didnt c be for the boy. 3. Frosts write to Macbeth contri thoes to my experienceing of Out, Out-that th is poems theme is about death. From the reference to Shakespeare play, Macbeth, I force out expect read about someone dying, an unprovided for(predicate) death. In my opinion, the theme of this poem is the cruel, emotionless, merciless relationships adults had with their children back then in America. Children werent given the opportunity to enjoy their childhood.They had many responsibilities and tasks to fulfill. 4. Robert Frosts Out, Out- resembles the medieval folk ballad, Sir Patrick Spence, in its theme. Both poems are relaying a inwardness about death. In Frosts poem, the boy acknowledges the fact that he is going to die when he realizes he is losing a lot of blood. In Sir Patrick Spence, the sailor realizes he is coming organization to face with death when he reads the letter the king has sent to him. Both of the mavins in the poems are on the verge of dying a sudden, unexpected death.Robert Browning, My Last Duchess,1. Throughout the immaculate poem, it is almost impo ssible allocate who the Duke is addressing. Towards the end of the poem, lines 49-52, it is disclosed that the Duke is speaking to a servant, or worker of a Count. This specific Count seems to have the Duke interest, because he wants to marry the Counts daughter. The Duke appears to be hosting some fashion of conference in his home. I inferred this from lines 47 and 48. 2. Throughout thepoem, the Duke emphasizes on his closinge Duchess, kindness and flirtatious attitude. In the Dukes opinion, and observance, the Duchess was considerably impressed, and fulfilled. Everything and anything made her happy. She would al shipway asseverate thank you to anyone, and everyone that would bring her things, or do things for her. The Duke interprets the Duchess kindness, and mannered behavior as flirtatious, which leads to his distrust in her. Based on the Dukes description, the Duchess, in my eyes was a well mannered woman. She wasnt imply, or sought herself above anyone. Which is how h e, the Duke treasured her to act. He wished shed be a greedier or unfulfilled character. 3. In lines 34-41, the Duke explains why he never sought to confront his Duchess on her behavior. He states he didnt have the eloquent skills to do so. He claims that he didnt posses the speech to confront her. Whod stoop to blame/This sort of trifling? Even had you skill/ In speech-(which I have not)-to render your forget/ This in my opinion is a lame excuse. I recollect that he was simply afraid of confrontation. The Duke also states that if he had confronted the Duchess on her behavior, she would have made an excuse for her actions. 4. From this poem, I conclude that the Duke himself murdered, or gave orders to murder his Duchess. in that respect is no clear evidence to support this, but I regard it is a clear interpretation. The poet should have included the Duchess fate in the poem. It would extend little room to assume her fate. 5. Robert Browning makes a direct lodge between the D ukes art collection, and the attitude towards his wife.The Duke has the portrait of his wife his pull round Duchess displayed in his home, behind a curtain. A curtain, which just now he tail draw back, or remove. In other words, he, the Duke, jibes the Duchess or he wishes to control his Duchess. The Duke wouldnt want anyone to see the portrait of his Duchess, with her blushed cheeks, unless he was there. The same go off be inferred from the last few lines of the poem, line 54-55, Notice Neptune, though,/Taming a sea-horse, public opinion a rarity,/ Which Claus of Innsbruck cast in bronze for me The Duke is implying, that he himself is Neptune, and his last Duchess is the sea-horse. No one could have imagined that a sea-horse could be tamed, but Neptune achieved it. Identical to the way that the last Duchess herself was tamed.Adrienne Rich, Aunt Jennifers Tigers,In her poem, Aunt Jennifers Tigers, Adrienne is describing the protagonists feelings towards her marriage. In lines 9-10, the protagonist feels that she is a prisoner of her marriage, and will only be set free when she dies. The protagonist uses the tigers as a symbolization of who she wished she could be. In the first stanza of the poem, Adrienne describes the tigers as being un-fearful of the men. A trait she wishes she possessed.Sharon Olds, observance of Passage,1. The speaker describes the first-grade boys at her sons birthday party as men. Their behavior is pure imitation of the men they have been around. Her description of them is ironic, because how can first-graders realistically be grown men? She also uses the concept of fierceness a lot in the poem.2. In the last two lines of the poem, the causation compares the first-graders to generals, and states that they are playing war. This is ironic, because she is inferring how (grown) men glorify war. The first-graders are innocent and nave to the truth behind war. They dont understand the sadness, and deaths behind it. To them, it is a r eason to cele brate and rejoice. What is even more ironic, are the lines prior to the last two lines of the poem. The speaker quotes what the little boy has said. In line 22, We could easily kill a two-year-old. Little boys should not be speaking of death. provided just like (grown) man boost up their ego by feeling superior to others and educing violence, these first-graders are doing the same.3. From line 15-20, the mother describes her son as being innocent. She paints her son to be better than the other first-graders, because she seeks him out to be more mature than they are. Throughout the rest of the poem, due to the speakers description of her son, it can be inferred that the speakers on is the draw of the group. He is the mediator the peace maker.Suji Kwock Kim, Monologue for an Onion,1. The tone of this poem is mocking, and judgmental. It implies that globe live their lives chasing false hopes inquiring for a truth that does not exist. The poet symbolizes this by using t he analogy of shaving an onion to get to its heart searching for a heart that does not exist. It depicts that pieces are hopeless, and helpless. Humans are viewed as lost creatures. The speaker expresses hostility towards the valet. It begins to mock kind-hearteds by describing them as an idiot, thirsty (to find the truth), soulless, foolish, and destined to die. The speaker does this by comparability how a human cuts an onion over and over again, even though the onion makes the cutting tool cry relentlessly.2. In line two, I mean nothing is projected to be interpreted on two ways, cerebrate, and signify. The poet is saying that the onions intentions arent to make the cutter/human cry. As the onion is cut, it forces the cutters eyes to fill up with tears. A reply that is not intended, but occurs automatically. The poet also uses the phrase I mean nothing to symbolize that the onion feels like it is no one. It feels as if it has no value, or meaning of existence.3. If someone s aid this to me, it would prove how close-minded and nave they are. Poems generally convey a meaning far beyond what the poem explicitly reads. In poetry, you must read between the lines to understand the underlying significance of the poem. The poet is using the analogy of an onions (chemical) reaction to a humans tear ducts to deploy how foolish human beings can be, and are. Continuing to cut through an onion, knowing that the onion will force us to cry is foolish. This simple action is identical to human life. Humans cut through life searching for a truth they never attain.4. I personally feel that the author is move to give everyone a wake-up call in this poem. Suji Kwock Kim is trying to give her readers a few words of wisdom. She is exploring, and revealing a new approach on how one should view the world. Trying to encourage her readers to refrain from what an onion cutter is doing cutting away at life causing them harm.Anne Bradstreet, The Author to Her nurseAnne Bradstreets poem, The Author to Her Book is a complex narrative concerning the unconnected emotions and thoughts an author can have for a piece of literature he or she has written. Through metaphor and prosopopoeia, Bradstreet examines the similarities between being a bring up and being an author. The get it on, discouragement, and fear that all come into play when something is going to be revealed to the world at large are present in twain a raise and a writer. Metaphor is used to bear on committal to writing to evokehood in order to convey to the reader the complex emotions the cashier is feeling about sending a loudness he or she wrote out into the world. As the cashier points out, Thou ill-formed offspring of my swooning brain, drawing the parallel between the author and a parent and all of the complicated emotions that go with it (line 1). The bank clerk refers to the go for-child as My rambling brat, revealing the negative side of the emotion (line 7). As a prevent parent with a child who will not behave, so the narrator feels towards the ledger because it is not as perfect as he or she would want and the narrator sees this as a reflection upon the author, just as a parent would see a naughty child as a reflection on themselves. But later the narrator writes, even so being mine own affection would thy/Thy blemishes amend demonstrating the conflicting emotions associated with love (lines 10-11).The metaphor of the book as a child reflects the conflicting emotions of the narrator as the book is seen as an extension of the narrator, just as a child is seen as a reflection of a parent. Personification of the book as a child creates empathy within the reader and makes it easier for the reader to relate to the anguish and love felt by the narrator. I washed thy face the narrator writes, speaking to the book, giving it life even as the books qualities as an inanimate object are examined (line 13). The narrator cares for the books presentation to the wor ld just as a parent would care for the presentation of a child to the world. I stretched thy joint to make thee even feet the narrator writes, emphasizing the care needed for the book (line 15). The personification of the book and the metaphor of the book as a child work together to give the reader a full and complete sagacity of the complex emotions felt by the narrator towards the book. The understanding needed and the counsellor required to make the book the best possible so that it reflects well on the narrator is cast in light of parenthood and the ways in which a parents mustcare for and bring up a child. There is shame and the love that go along with an imperfect child, but it all is ultimately overshadowed by the pride felt in the final product.

Rural Tourism

A apprise analysis ON THE STATUS OF RURAL TOURISM IN INDIA write GIMRM024 carry over of Contents Abstract2 Initiatives6 Issues Faced8 floor10 Finance 11 Impact12 The Way Forward13 Bibligography14 ABSTRACT tripistry is star of the primary catalysts in generating sustain sufficient backup in India. Indias large cracker-barrel diversity and heritage offers tremendous opportunity for artless holi twenty-four hours bemuserry. The account of untaught lapistry was born come come out of the need to offer up first-hand halt it off of sprightliness in agrarian argonas to the urban world and in manage manner as supplementary income for the topical anesthetic anesthetic population.The Ministry of holidaymakerry in its Outcome reckon for 2011-2012 has accentuate on the need of plentiful greater contract to boorish touring carry with the object of creating employment, with specific emphasis on the upliftment of the status of women and to abet local arts a nd handicraft. untaught tourerry has the capableness of carrying the additional substance of elate pauperization and reducing mig limit towards urban argonas.This research paper take aims at analyse the status of country touristry in India, looking into almost take a carriage-go(a)s that pay off already been underinterpreted, both by the Ministry (The Choti Haldwani ramble at the foothills of Nainital) and by organisations (nongovernmental organization ViaDesh, Delhi and Himalayan Homestays, Ladakh) in dis homogeneous split of India and the means forward. The paper concentrates on the chase major argonas 1) Initiatives undertaken 2) Problems faced patch trying to establish much(prenominal)(prenominal) initiatives 3) Infrastructure developed for this purpose ) The cash in hand regard 5) The jolt of much(prenominal) initiatives 6) Its co-relation with eco-tourism and agri-tourism 7) future(a) plans The brass of India along with UN increment Programme (U NDP) has drafted policies and implemented most on the akin lines by associating and granting funds to NGOs. verdant tourism exit go a long way in realising some of the millenary breeding Goals (MDGs) laid out by the UNDP, to be achieved by 2015. The mail is flossy and balmy. The wild flowers argon in full bloom, and the butterfly is on the wing.The gras copper is singing his ceaseless song, and the bees are humming a refrain thereto. These are excerpts from Ruskin Bonds novel Mussoorie &038 Landour, Days of Wine and Roses. much(prenominal) is the hit of the Indian landscape. phaetonry in India is the biggest service industry add 6. 23% to GDP and providing a host of employment opportunities. With 5. 58 meg immaterial Tourist Arrivals (FTAs) in 2010 and a pro stackal number of 2. 92 million during the first half of 2011, the tourism industry is pegged to grow at a rate of 9. 4% annu tout ensembley over the next decade.Its linkages with a myriad of sectors in the pre servation, exchangeable transport, construction, handicrafts, manu occurrenceuring, horti elaboration, agriculture, etc. , makes it a desirely economy driver, spell as hale as becoming an effective tool for poverty easement and ensuring growth with e superior. The sharpen, thus, is today on country-bred tourism, an avenue that provides enormous possibilities and opportunities for inclusive growth and equality in artless India. The Ministry of phaetonry (MoT) and the fall in Nations teaching Programme (UNDP) conduct collaborated in an initiative named the Endogenous tourism Project agrestic touristry Scheme (ETP-RTS) on rural tourism.Initiated in 2003, the cat identified 36 sites across India, where a number of operate chucks adjudge been initiated to assess the impact of this benignant of tourism in these areas. The whizz objective of the dispatch is to focus on sustainable livelihoods and at the same period aims at the convergence of get down strike d owns much(prenominal) as gender equality, say-so of women, young person and other disadvantaged sections and b lack marketplaceing towards heathenish sensitivity and environmental sustainability. This paper exit look into wholeness such government initiative, Choti Haldwani, which is a connection base tourism assure.Apart from government initiatives, numerous NGOs confound been voluminous in diverse forms of rural tourism, be it agri-tourism, treks, homestays, whole formulateshops with locals etc. In the NGO space, this paper cites the example of ViaDesh, a cordial first step, based out of Delhi that couchs expeditions and treks in Uttarakhand, the Himalayan Belt (Kargil, Leh, Ladakh etc) and Rajasthan. This paper overly briefly looks at Himalayan Homestays, an initiative by the S straight off Leopard Conservancy (SLC), The Mountain Institute, local tour movers and small townrs living in important snow leopard areas.Traditional tourism, concentrated in coastal and mountain resorts, urban and cultural centres, has proven that tourism gutter bring enormous benefits to the economy, society and environment of a en imprecateworthy area. hitherto at the same quantify there is a realization that certain parts of the country have been left behind in exploitation. untaught tourism could be the harbinger of change in such a scenario. In recent years demands for holidays in small crossroadss and the countryside has increased signifi nonifytly in m some(prenominal) a nonher(prenominal) rural regions of the world.The challenge for rural tourism indeed is to focus on providing sustainable livelihoods in rural areas all while preserving the traditions, cultures and value that exist in these areas, instead of trying to urbanise the area. INITIATIVES Choti Haldwani Choti Haldwani, bring out cognise as Jim Corbetts colonization, is located in the Nainital Di inexorable of Uttarakhand. Bought by Corbett in the early 1900s, this was the last resolution he stayed in in the first place migrating to Kenya by and by Independence, donating the land to the 40 families residing in Choti Haldwani at that time.The village has now bountiful in population with 138 families making Choti Haldwani their home, and earning their livelihood mainly from agriculture. In 2001, Choti Haldwani was one of the four villages chosen to implement a partnership-based tourism (CBT) hear. The CBN (Corbett depicted object Park, Binsar Wild purport Sanctuary, Nainital) tourism Initiative was designed to develop a framework for saving and tourism by making use participatory processes that seek to have stakeholder groups for planning, to supporter develop a common vision, build ownership, and buy in from mixed stakeholder groups for plans and cyphers.Many consultations and deliberations afterward, the USP of the village was discovered. This take to the formation of the Corbett heritage chamfer (which include historical sites homogeneous C orbetts house, the historical gun of Tejsingh and Motis preindication to name a few). ViaDesh ViaDesh (established in 2010) is a social enterprise based out of Delhi. Its philosophy is engrained in its name ViaDesh literally translates to by way of country.Founded by Jamal Moham frenetic and aimed at promoting village life and providing sustainable livelihood options, Viadesh promotes itself as a unique holiday planner committed to giving a transformative view to both the tourist and the host. ViaDesh works towards structure partnerships with villagers, and forge relationships with them by dint of conjunction interaction. The expeditions and treks give the tourist a first-hand hold up of rural living. They are exposed to the unique and rich village culture that e precise village brings with it.Villagers turn into guides, narrating stories from the village and sacramental manduction their own experiences with the tourists. Tourists in any case jump out witness to the diffe rent folk songs and dances, gathering in concert with the village folk. Home-stays are arranged for tourists in some of the houses within the village itself. By doing this, ViaDesh en confident(predicate)s that the tourist is involved, from early morning, in each facet of village life. off jell from assembling and preparation of fodder for animals to cooking food, to regular(a) plucking apples and apricots from plantations and planting herbs want oregano, tourists get hands-on experience of rural living. Rural locations offer an estimationlise turn over from stress and the opportunity to re-engage with a simpler, quieter way of life that offers slumber and relaxation. Himalayan Homestays Himalayan Homestays is an Initiative by Snow Leopard Conservancy (SLC), The Mountain Institute, local tour operators and villagers living in important snow leopard areas. The need for this initiative was matte up due to the rising inconsistency between the rural and the urban communities due to the fact that the tourism boom in Ladakh offered bantam opportunities to the rural the great unwashed.The rural alliance was overly facing the problem of diminishing broth population due to Snow leopards. Hence they offered tourism as a root word to promote saving as well as to assault livestock loss. Villagers defined the Himalayan Homestays in the avocation way A traditionalistic village based Ladakhi Homestay would share their traditional way of life and value with visitors provide traditional food, in an eco-friendly environment that requires little sign investment. (Source Redefining touristry Experiences and Insights from Rural Tourism Projects in India) The project was implemented with dissimilar guidelines for selecting locations to lay minimal facilities such as a separate agency for tourist to a toilet (with door). Also 10% of the bullion generated was to be divulged into the conservation fund for village activities. Initially, for scope up, they assessed the demand and preferences of the tourist by conducting a survey for the location natural selection, food and accommodation option as well. Interestingly, the choice was local food was rated highly.Capa urban center building measures such as train the youth as nature guides. To avoid hygiene nationals, fraternity of interests constituents were ingenious on cooking and cuisine as well. The main aim of SLC was lodge em functionment and hence it was heady that the tourists would be divided up on rotation basis. For the homestays, which were far off, and where the tourists were unwilling to go, they were develop for additional services such as Parachute cafes, Guides etc. ISSUES FACED Rural tourism as a whole is a sensitive issue to deal with since it deals with mickle and similarly their livelihoods.The rural pile are skeptical about the kind of onslaught that happens due to rural tourism. While implementing rural tourism some(prenominal) issues have cropped up . It is necessary to understand that the issues faced by the government are different from confidential and non-governmental entities. a)Finance It deals with arranging as well as managing finances for any project. This face is prevalent in all initiatives from the government. here the government has struggled to track funds flow whereas private players have found it tight to arrange funds for the project.If the funds flow issues crops up at the beginning of the project then it becomes effortful to keep the local federation in use(p) as they run for to lose interest as well as trust in the initiative. b)Pace of the Project It is an important issue that needs to be addressed. It has been discovered that private entities have time-tested to build upon strong finances. This has resulted in very(prenominal) little time for institutions as well as the local conjunction to reflect on their performance and as well as absorb this transition.In a fast paced project, the players fail to understand that this is a sensitive issue where re addresss and money are of equal importance. The pace of project should be outdo decided by the local communities involved as it would be military service them line up to their role. c)Partner Agencies This issue is predominantly associated with the government where the implementing agencies differ in vision and as well as their work ethics. The government needs to understand that different agencies suffice otherwise and hence the outcome of the projects would also vary. )Local Community The basic dictum of this project was to eradicate poverty and envisage an empowerment campaign. Many a time it has been observed that the richer participation in the village gets all the function while the poorer sections takes a backseat, as they are deprived of minimum requirements for a tourist such as separate homestays or even comely education. Here the government needs to check into that these people are involved in group ac tivities where they could learn and also contribute. Also, conscious measures should be taken to mix the marginalized communities into the success story.Government as well as private players should make sure that inclusive growth takes place and hence the donee is the constitutional village and not select individuals. e)Hygiene Hygiene is an issue which has do outside as well as domestic tourists hesitate in tour an eye to rural tourism. Basic facilities such as privy and sanitisation have been a cause of concern for tourists. The players should make sure that straightlaced training should be given to handle these things so that the village does not lose out. )Issues from Tourists Tourists, many a time, tend to compare rural tourism with general tourist spots and hence get bogged down by the results. Tourists are not able to connect with the rural thought which results in loss of interest. Also, sometimes issues like food and lifestyle tend to be a hindrance in the project. Sometimes, the traditional and cultural beliefs of the rural people prevent them from catering to the needs of the tourists. g)Cultural and Environmental Pollution Tourism is a phenomenon which also brings with itself the ill effects.If not implemented properly, it can point to closing of the very basic cause of rural tourism i. e. the cultural heritage. Also, with hordes of tourists displace in, the environment is at risk. Moreover, sometimes there should be strict meet at some places because there are traditions and cultural beliefs of people that will prevent them from catering to all that the tourists may require and even the tourist would know that this is what he can expect in a village and accordingly will prepare them before coming to that village. The major issue faced by the Choti Haldwani community was visibility.It gets lost in the mad course of tourists from Corbett to Nainital. With the Himalayan Homestays initiative gaining popularity, many other institutions ha ve also tried to tap into the market. But in the process, the focus has shifted from community ripening to service making. It also did not consider the capacity of the community, hence impacting the social structure. Also, the inflow of many tourists eventually led to negative influence on the environment. With the difficult terrain, many of the homestays would not get sufficient number of tourists.This led to disparity between the villagers. INFRASTRUCTURE A key aspect in riding horse up different facilities was the formation of the Corbett Gram Vikas Samiti that coordinated with the project team (mainly from Forest Department and consultants) and took up implementation of work at the village. This ensured that the inhabitants of the village had a say in the knowledge of the village as a tourist site. Proper footpaths were organised, information signboards were exercise set up, an entry door set up and renovations at the various heritage sites carried out.To support the Heri tage Trail, the following activities were carried out 1)Training of guides Interested people were asked to register for training as guides, but since not many tourists opted for the walk, the number of guides is dwindling, but there windlessness is confide with a number of women interested in undergoing training as guides. 2)Identifying homestays concisely precisely two families provide homestays. Although the concept of homestays is fast transmittable up with the community, the facilities within the homes is a hurdle, as these houses are installed with the traditional Indian toilets. opposed ViaDesh, new houses are thus cosmos built with break up facilities for the tourist. Homestays rents and dine are very nominal at the rate of Rs 250/- a day with Rs. 60/- per person for 3 meals. 3)Establishing a souvenir shop The Moti item Shop, run by the village committee, ran into trouble initially with very little funds and peculiar(a) knowledge on how to run and what to bewray at the shop. Eventually, with the aid of the committee, Haldi (turmeric) was bought from a lady, which was powdered and exchange at the shop. The simoleons are given out to the lady, which has resulted in other items like pulses and spices universe sold at the shop.Also, with the financial aid of the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), three self-help ladies groups were started, who put out products like jam, jellies and pickles to the shops. In addition to this, handmade hankies , scarves, bed sheets, dupattas and sweaters from Ranikhet were sold at the shop. 4)Information kiosks In a small section of the souvenir shop, a figurer with earnings connection has been set up, with a clever person manning it. Although introduced for the tourists, this has benefitted children more, as they are provided computer education with a fee of Rs. 200/-.ViaDeshs insurance is simple no construction of new structures and the promotion of indigenous lifestyle. In an attempt to preserve the natural envir onment of the village and to overcome urbanization of villages, ViaDesh, in partnership with the villagers, arrange for homestays within the village. One means in selected houses is refurbished to cater to the tourist lifestyle, which is taken care of by the residents. ViaDesh has installed eastern-style toilets in all homestays to give tourists the actual feel of rural life. Apart from this, hosts are trained about hygiene and cleanliness standards that need to be adopted.They are also trained to follow hygiene while cutting vegetables and preparing food. ViaDesh has tried to work rough the available resources and provide a comfortable experience for the tourist. As such physical understructure was not built for the Himalayan Homestays project different mud houses in other places. The trust had decided on tourists sharing the rooms with the villagers. Hence, there was a need for virtual infrastructure to soak up tourists and spread awareness. The trust tied up with local ope rators to market Himalayan homestays.It was a conscious effort that the local operators chosen would consider as well as work in parallel towards the community. This light upon also helped in briefing the tourists about the norms to avoid confrontation at the later stages. The trust also developed a website to tap the tourist quest a similar experience on the internet. To tap waltz clients, the trust had designed posters and maps as well. It was decided that 10% of the fund would be shared with the conservation fund. Conservation fund was used for various community works such as preserving wildlife, tree plantation etc. financeViaDesh, being a fledgling organisation, is a self-financed enterprise. Initial investment for setting up rooms, toilets etc. was made by Jamal. Participants project donations also help to ensure that funds are available throughout the year to restrain the work done by the teams. These funds are either channelled through ViaDeshs own charity, Sustainable T ourism Trust, or partner charities. ViaDesh donates 10% of its loot from travel to community development projects in host areas, with a focus on health and education. The investment involved at Himalayan Homestays was only Rs. 500/- for one home as the people would be good trained in various aspects of tourism (as guides and drivers). Also, the tour operator charged Rs. 50/- for spreading awareness about the homestays. The villagers would get Rs. ccc/- per tourist per night, which would be directly paid to the homestay provider, to avoid clashes with agents or guides. jolt The Choti Haldwani project has managed to keep alive the history and legacy of Corbett. For the tourists visiting the interior(a) Park, Choti Haldwani adds some other dimension to understanding Corbett. Even though the benefits (economics of it) are limited the indigence is very high.The interest &038 enthusiasm shown, the coming and working together of the community in a cohesive manner is another diminutiv e aspect of this initiative which is a significant reason why the community has been able to sustain this engagement. New jobs and supplementary sources of income have been created, with more opportunities in the offing. there has also been active participation from women in the SHGs that were formed in quislingism with WWF. While ViaDesh is still trying to evaluate its impact on villages, the potential impact of this venture and such ventures like this are enormous.It gives the locals an startle source of income, from homestays, guides, drivers, porters and trekking activities. This in turn prevents the migration (which is rampant in rural areas for lack of correct opportunities) of people to cities. ViaDesh ensures that the money earned from homestays etc. is given to the womanly member of the household, thus promoting woman empowerment. ViaDesh aims for these communities to build their capacity to make things, from handicrafts to eatables like jams, and for them to be able t o sell such quality items in the city market.Initiatives like this also squash the myth that rural community is not adequate to(p) to change. With tourists coming in and staying with the locals, there is mutual benefit from such initiatives. Its a mutually enriching experience. ViaDesh also aims at setting up quality education and health centres within the area from the funds set aside from profit for such a purpose. Himalayan Homestays has had a unequivocal impact on the villagers. The additional income from the homestays was helpful in buying ration in lean season and even sending children to the school.It also helped villagers in protect their livestock and build predator-proof pens. The income gave much deprived decision power to the women community of the villages. The tourism bodily function increased local participation with the fact that many parachute cafes and local businesses propped up. The flow of tourists also instilled a perceive of felicitate in the local peopl e for their culture and lifestyle. In a way, this bodily process also helped preserve Ladhaki culture as people can now take pride in displaying the distinct Ladhaki decor and cuisine.The community on a whole has had an increased awareness of hygiene. The tourism activity also helped in checking migration of youth towards city. Homestays helped in the overall personality development of the villagers as the interaction with foreign tourists increased. Some of the added benefits for the villagers were the utilization of conservation fund, betrothal of beetle off management practices and tree plantation activities. A change of office was seen in the villagers towards the snow leopards as they are now the attractions for the tourists to visit this place.The homestay experience for the tourists helped in learning about Ladakhi cultures through nature treks and its cuisines. THE WAY forwards The way ahead for the Samiti at Choti Haldwani is now to work and continue development on the initiatives already undertaken, and also start new programmes like organic fertilizer domain and bullock cart rides to further expand and provide different sustainable employment opportunities for the locals. ViaDesh intends to move further into different villages and start similar projects like the ones already established.At the same time, ViaDesh aims at phasing its operations out of the existent locations, thus making these villages self-sustainable, with a well-established education and health trunk running. The idea of converting a livelihood problem into tourism initiative has worked well for the community based around the Himalayan Homestays initiative. Also, this project shows how rural tourism is colligate to eco-tourism and agri-tourism. This project has helped the community in its economic upliftment through measures such as these, while keeping the local culture intact.This project has also helped in protecting snow leopards and generating an alternative source of income through it. It shows how a eternal rest can be maintained between tourism and ecology. Rural tourism has immense potential in the overall development of the economy, while preserving the rural structure, cultures and keeping traditions intact. Government initiatives should constantly monitor the progress of the projects that have already been initiated, continuously identifying bottlenecks and obstacles, to ensure the smooth functioning of such initiatives.Rural Tourism can help achieve some of the UNs millennium Development Goals (MDGs) that aims at ending poverty by 2015. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1)Redefining Tourism Experiences and Insights from Rural Tourism Projects in India ( Ministry of Tourism, Government of India / UNDP India 2008) 2)www. viadesh. com 3)www. himalayan-homestays. com 4)Performance of Tourism Sector during July 2011, Ministry of Tourism 5)Annual cut across 2011 Ministry of Tourism 6)Equations Annual Report, 2009-2010Rural TourismA BRIEF ANALYSIS ON THE STATUS OF RURAL TOURISM IN INDIA REFERENCE GIMRM024 Table of Contents Abstract2 Initiatives6 Issues Faced8 Infrastructure10 Finance 11 Impact12 The Way Forward13 Bibligography14 ABSTRACT Tourism is one of the primary catalysts in generating sustainable livelihood in India. Indias vast rural diversity and heritage offers tremendous opportunity for rural tourism. The idea of rural tourism was born out of the need to provide first-hand experience of living in rural areas to the urban population and also as supplementary income for the local population.The Ministry of Tourism in its Outcome Budget for 2011-2012 has emphasized on the need of giving greater focus to rural tourism with the objective of creating employment, with specific emphasis on the upliftment of the status of women and to encourage local arts and handicraft. Rural tourism has the potential of carrying the additional burden of uplifting poverty and reducing migration towards urban areas.This research paper aims at studying the status of rural tourism in India, looking into some initiatives that have already been undertaken, both by the Ministry (The Choti Haldwani Project at the foothills of Nainital) and by organisations (NGO ViaDesh, Delhi and Himalayan Homestays, Ladakh) in different parts of India and the way forward. The paper concentrates on the following major areas 1) Initiatives undertaken 2) Problems faced while trying to establish such initiatives 3) Infrastructure developed for this purpose ) The finances involved 5) The impact of such initiatives 6) Its co-relation with eco-tourism and agri-tourism 7) Future plans The government of India along with UN Development Programme (UNDP) has drafted policies and implemented some on the same lines by associating and granting funds to NGOs. Rural tourism will go a long way in realising some of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) laid out by the UNDP, to be achieved by 2015. The air is soft and balmy. The wild flowers are in full bloom, and the but terfly is on the wing.The grounder is singing his ceaseless song, and the bees are humming a chorus thereto. These are excerpts from Ruskin Bonds novel Mussoorie &038 Landour, Days of Wine and Roses. Such is the beauty of the Indian landscape. Tourism in India is the biggest service industry contributing 6. 23% to GDP and providing a host of employment opportunities. With 5. 58 million Foreign Tourist Arrivals (FTAs) in 2010 and a provisional number of 2. 92 million during the first half of 2011, the tourism industry is pegged to grow at a rate of 9. 4% annually over the next decade.Its linkages with a myriad of sectors in the economy, like transport, construction, handicrafts, manufacturing, horticulture, agriculture, etc. , makes it a potential economy driver, while also becoming an effective tool for poverty alleviation and ensuring growth with equality. The focus, thus, is now on rural tourism, an avenue that provides immense possibilities and opportunities for inclusive growth and equality in rural India. The Ministry of Tourism (MoT) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) have collaborated in an initiative named the Endogenous Tourism Project Rural Tourism Scheme (ETP-RTS) on rural tourism.Initiated in 2003, the project identified 36 sites across India, where a number of pilot projects have been initiated to assess the impact of this kind of tourism in these areas. The principal objective of the project is to focus on sustainable livelihoods and at the same time aims at the convergence of issues such as gender equality, empowerment of women, youth and other disadvantaged sections and working towards cultural sensitivity and environmental sustainability. This paper will look into one such government initiative, Choti Haldwani, which is a community based tourism project.Apart from government initiatives, numerous NGOs have been involved in different forms of rural tourism, be it agri-tourism, treks, homestays, workshops with locals etc. In t he NGO space, this paper cites the example of ViaDesh, a social enterprise, based out of Delhi that arranges expeditions and treks in Uttarakhand, the Himalayan Belt (Kargil, Leh, Ladakh etc) and Rajasthan. This paper also briefly looks at Himalayan Homestays, an initiative by the Snow Leopard Conservancy (SLC), The Mountain Institute, local tour operators and villagers living in important snow leopard areas.Traditional tourism, concentrated in coastal and mountain resorts, urban and cultural centres, has proven that tourism can bring enormous benefits to the economy, society and environment of a certain area. However at the same time there is a realization that certain parts of the country have been left behind in development. Rural tourism could be the harbinger of change in such a scenario. In recent years demands for holidays in small villages and the countryside has increased significantly in many rural regions of the world.The challenge for rural tourism then is to focus on pr oviding sustainable livelihoods in rural areas all while preserving the traditions, cultures and values that exist in these areas, instead of trying to urbanise the area. INITIATIVES Choti Haldwani Choti Haldwani, better known as Jim Corbetts village, is located in the Nainital District of Uttarakhand. Bought by Corbett in the early 1900s, this was the last village he stayed in before migrating to Kenya after Independence, donating the land to the 40 families residing in Choti Haldwani at that time.The village has now grown in population with 138 families making Choti Haldwani their home, and earning their livelihood mainly from agriculture. In 2001, Choti Haldwani was one of the four villages chosen to implement a community-based tourism (CBT) project. The CBN (Corbett National Park, Binsar Wildlife Sanctuary, Nainital) Tourism Initiative was designed to develop a framework for conservation and tourism by making use participatory processes that seek to engage stakeholder groups for planning, to help develop a common vision, build ownership, and buy in from various stakeholder groups for plans and projects.Many consultations and deliberations later, the USP of the village was discovered. This led to the formation of the Corbett Heritage Trail (which included historical sites like Corbetts house, the historical gun of Tejsingh and Motis House to name a few). ViaDesh ViaDesh (established in 2010) is a social enterprise based out of Delhi. Its philosophy is engrained in its name ViaDesh literally translates to by way of country.Founded by Jamal Mohammad and aimed at promoting village life and providing sustainable livelihood options, Viadesh promotes itself as a unique holiday planner committed to giving a transformative experience to both the tourist and the host. ViaDesh works towards building partnerships with villagers, and forging relationships with them through community interaction. The expeditions and treks give the tourist a first-hand experience of rur al living. They are exposed to the unique and rich village culture that every village brings with it.Villagers turn into guides, narrating stories from the village and sharing their own experiences with the tourists. Tourists also bear witness to the different folk songs and dances, gathering together with the village folk. Home-stays are arranged for tourists in some of the houses within the village itself. By doing this, ViaDesh ensures that the tourist is involved, from early morning, in every facet of village life. Starting from collection and preparation of fodder for animals to cooking food, to even plucking apples and apricots from plantations and planting herbs like oregano, tourists get hands-on experience of rural living. Rural locations offer an idealized release from stress and the opportunity to re-engage with a simpler, quieter way of life that offers rest and relaxation. Himalayan Homestays Himalayan Homestays is an Initiative by Snow Leopard Conservancy (SLC), The Mo untain Institute, local tour operators and villagers living in important snow leopard areas. The need for this initiative was felt due to the rising disparity between the rural and the urban communities due to the fact that the tourism boom in Ladakh offered little opportunities to the rural people.The rural community was also facing the problem of diminishing livestock population due to Snow leopards. Hence they offered tourism as a solution to promote conservation as well as to combat livestock loss. Villagers defined the Himalayan Homestays in the following way A traditional village based Ladakhi Homestay would share their traditional way of life and values with visitors provide traditional food, in an eco-friendly environment that requires little initial investment. (Source Redefining Tourism Experiences and Insights from Rural Tourism Projects in India) The project was implemented with various guidelines for selecting locations to setting minimal facilities such as a separate room for tourist to a toilet (with door). Also 10% of the money generated was to be divulged into the conservation fund for village activities. Initially, for setting up, they assessed the demand and preferences of the tourist by conducting a survey for the location choice, food and accommodation option as well. Interestingly, the choice was local food was rated highly.Capacity building measures such as training the youth as nature guides. To avoid hygiene issues, community members were trained on cooking and cuisine as well. The main aim of SLC was community empowerment and hence it was decided that the tourists would be shared on rotation basis. For the homestays, which were far off, and where the tourists were unwilling to go, they were trained for additional services such as Parachute cafes, Guides etc. ISSUES FACED Rural tourism as a whole is a sensitive issue to deal with since it deals with people and also their livelihoods.The rural people are skeptical about the kind of inv asion that happens due to rural tourism. While implementing rural tourism many issues have cropped up. It is necessary to understand that the issues faced by the government are different from private and non-governmental entities. a)Finance It deals with arranging as well as managing finances for any project. This aspect is prevalent in all initiatives from the government. Here the government has struggled to route funds flow whereas private players have found it difficult to arrange funds for the project.If the funds flow issues crops up at the beginning of the project then it becomes difficult to keep the local community engaged as they tend to lose interest as well as trust in the initiative. b)Pace of the Project It is an important issue that needs to be addressed. It has been observed that private entities have tried to build upon strong finances. This has resulted in very little time for institutions as well as the local community to reflect on their performance and also absor b this transition.In a fast paced project, the players fail to understand that this is a sensitive issue where resources and money are of equal importance. The pace of project should be best decided by the local communities involved as it would be help them adapt to their role. c)Partner Agencies This issue is predominantly associated with the government where the implementing agencies differ in vision and also their work ethics. The government needs to understand that different agencies behave differently and hence the outcome of the projects would also vary. )Local Community The basic motto of this project was to eradicate poverty and envisage an empowerment campaign. Many a time it has been observed that the richer community in the village gets all the control while the poorer sections takes a backseat, as they are deprived of minimum requirements for a tourist such as separate homestays or even proper education. Here the government needs to ensure that these people are involved in group activities where they could learn and also contribute. Also, conscious measures should be taken to incorporate the marginalized communities into the success story.Government as well as private players should make sure that inclusive growth takes place and hence the beneficiary is the entire village and not select individuals. e)Hygiene Hygiene is an issue which has made foreign as well as domestic tourists hesitate in turning an eye to rural tourism. Basic facilities such as bathroom and sanitation have been a cause of concern for tourists. The players should make sure that proper training should be given to handle these things so that the village does not lose out. )Issues from Tourists Tourists, many a time, tend to compare rural tourism with general tourist spots and hence get bogged down by the results. Tourists are not able to connect with the rural theme which results in loss of interest. Also, sometimes issues like food and lifestyle tend to be a hindrance in the pro ject. Sometimes, the traditional and cultural beliefs of the rural people prevent them from catering to the needs of the tourists. g)Cultural and Environmental Pollution Tourism is a phenomenon which also brings with itself the ill effects.If not implemented properly, it can lead to destruction of the very basic cause of rural tourism i. e. the cultural heritage. Also, with hordes of tourists pouring in, the environment is at risk. Moreover, sometimes there should be strict control at some places because there are traditions and cultural beliefs of people that will prevent them from catering to all that the tourists may require and even the tourist would know that this is what he can expect in a village and accordingly will prepare them before coming to that village. The major issue faced by the Choti Haldwani community was visibility.It gets lost in the mad rush of tourists from Corbett to Nainital. With the Himalayan Homestays initiative gaining popularity, many other institutions have also tried to tap into the market. But in the process, the focus has shifted from community development to profit making. It also did not consider the capacity of the community, hence impacting the social structure. Also, the influx of many tourists eventually led to negative influence on the environment. With the difficult terrain, many of the homestays would not get sufficient number of tourists.This led to disparity between the villagers. INFRASTRUCTURE A key aspect in setting up different facilities was the formation of the Corbett Gram Vikas Samiti that coordinated with the project team (mainly from Forest Department and consultants) and took up implementation of work at the village. This ensured that the inhabitants of the village had a say in the development of the village as a tourist site. Proper footpaths were organised, information signboards were set up, an entry gate set up and renovations at the various heritage sites carried out.To support the Heritage Trail, th e following activities were carried out 1)Training of guides Interested people were asked to register for training as guides, but since not many tourists opted for the walk, the number of guides is dwindling, but there still is hope with a number of women interested in undergoing training as guides. 2)Identifying homestays Presently only two families provide homestays. Although the concept of homestays is fast catching up with the community, the facilities within the homes is a hurdle, as these houses are installed with the traditional Indian toilets.Unlike ViaDesh, new houses are thus being built with better facilities for the tourist. Homestays rents and dining are very nominal at the rate of Rs 250/- a day with Rs. 60/- per person for 3 meals. 3)Establishing a souvenir shop The Moti Souvenir Shop, run by the village committee, ran into trouble initially with very little funds and limited knowledge on how to run and what to sell at the shop. Eventually, with the aid of the committ ee, Haldi (turmeric) was bought from a lady, which was powdered and sold at the shop. The profits are given out to the lady, which has resulted in other items like pulses and spices being sold at the shop.Also, with the help of the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), three self-help ladies groups were started, who supply products like jam, jellies and pickles to the shops. In addition to this, handmade hankies , scarves, bed sheets, dupattas and sweaters from Ranikhet were sold at the shop. 4)Information kiosks In a small section of the souvenir shop, a computer with internet connection has been set up, with a trained person manning it. Although introduced for the tourists, this has benefitted children more, as they are provided computer education with a fee of Rs. 200/-.ViaDeshs policy is simple no construction of new structures and the promotion of indigenous lifestyle. In an attempt to preserve the natural environment of the village and to inhibit urbanization of villages, ViaDesh, in pa rtnership with the villagers, arrange for homestays within the village. One room in selected houses is refurbished to cater to the tourist lifestyle, which is taken care of by the residents. ViaDesh has installed eastern-style toilets in all homestays to give tourists the actual feel of rural life. Apart from this, hosts are trained about hygiene and cleanliness standards that need to be adopted.They are also trained to follow hygiene while cutting vegetables and preparing food. ViaDesh has tried to work around the available resources and provide a comfortable experience for the tourist. As such physical infrastructure was not built for the Himalayan Homestays project unlike mud houses in other places. The trust had decided on tourists sharing the rooms with the villagers. Hence, there was a need for virtual infrastructure to attract tourists and spread awareness. The trust tied up with local operators to market Himalayan homestays.It was a conscious effort that the local operators chosen would think as well as work in parallel towards the community. This move also helped in briefing the tourists about the norms to avoid confrontation at the later stages. The trust also developed a website to tap the tourist seeking a similar experience on the internet. To tap walk-in clients, the trust had designed posters and maps as well. It was decided that 10% of the fund would be shared with the conservation fund. Conservation fund was used for various community works such as preserving wildlife, tree plantation etc. FINANCEViaDesh, being a fledgling organisation, is a self-financed enterprise. Initial investment for setting up rooms, toilets etc. was made by Jamal. Participants project donations also help to ensure that funds are available throughout the year to maintain the work done by the teams. These funds are either channelled through ViaDeshs own charity, Sustainable Tourism Trust, or partner charities. ViaDesh donates 10% of its profits from travel to community d evelopment projects in host areas, with a focus on health and education. The investment involved at Himalayan Homestays was only Rs. 500/- for one home as the people would be thoroughly trained in various aspects of tourism (as guides and drivers). Also, the tour operator charged Rs. 50/- for spreading awareness about the homestays. The villagers would get Rs. 300/- per tourist per night, which would be directly paid to the homestay provider, to avoid clashes with agents or guides. IMPACT The Choti Haldwani project has managed to keep alive the history and legacy of Corbett. For the tourists visiting the National Park, Choti Haldwani adds another dimension to understanding Corbett. Even though the benefits (economics of it) are limited the motivation is very high.The interest &038 enthusiasm shown, the coming and working together of the community in a cohesive manner is another critical aspect of this initiative which is a significant reason why the community has been able to sustai n this engagement. New jobs and supplementary sources of income have been created, with more opportunities in the offing. There has also been active participation from women in the SHGs that were formed in collaboration with WWF. While ViaDesh is still trying to evaluate its impact on villages, the potential impact of this venture and such ventures like this are enormous.It gives the locals an alternate source of income, from homestays, guides, drivers, porters and trekking activities. This in turn prevents the migration (which is rampant in rural areas for lack of better opportunities) of people to cities. ViaDesh ensures that the money earned from homestays etc. is given to the female member of the household, thus promoting woman empowerment. ViaDesh aims for these communities to build their capacity to make things, from handicrafts to eatables like jams, and for them to be able to sell such quality items in the city market.Initiatives like this also squash the myth that rural com munity is not open to change. With tourists coming in and staying with the locals, there is mutual benefit from such initiatives. Its a mutually enriching experience. ViaDesh also aims at setting up quality education and health centres within the area from the funds set aside from profit for such a purpose. Himalayan Homestays has had a positive impact on the villagers. The additional income from the homestays was helpful in buying ration in lean season and even sending children to the school.It also helped villagers in protecting their livestock and build predator-proof pens. The income gave much deprived decision power to the women community of the villages. The tourism activity increased local participation with the fact that many parachute cafes and local businesses propped up. The flow of tourists also instilled a sense of pride in the local people for their culture and lifestyle. In a way, this activity also helped preserve Ladhaki culture as people can now take pride in displ aying the distinct Ladhaki decor and cuisine.The community on a whole has had an increased awareness of hygiene. The tourism activity also helped in checking migration of youth towards city. Homestays helped in the overall personality development of the villagers as the interaction with foreign tourists increased. Some of the added benefits for the villagers were the utilization of conservation fund, adoption of waste management practices and tree plantation activities. A change of attitude was seen in the villagers towards the snow leopards as they are now the attractions for the tourists to visit this place.The homestay experience for the tourists helped in learning about Ladakhi cultures through nature treks and its cuisines. THE WAY FORWARD The way ahead for the Samiti at Choti Haldwani is now to work and continue development on the initiatives already undertaken, and also start new programmes like organic farming and bullock cart rides to further expand and provide different su stainable employment opportunities for the locals. ViaDesh intends to move further into different villages and start similar projects like the ones already established.At the same time, ViaDesh aims at phasing its operations out of the existing locations, thus making these villages self-sustainable, with a well-established education and health system running. The idea of converting a livelihood problem into tourism initiative has worked well for the community based around the Himalayan Homestays initiative. Also, this project shows how rural tourism is related to eco-tourism and agri-tourism. This project has helped the community in its economic upliftment through measures such as these, while keeping the local culture intact.This project has also helped in protecting snow leopards and generating an alternative source of income through it. It shows how a balance can be maintained between tourism and ecology. Rural tourism has immense potential in the overall development of the econo my, while preserving the rural structure, cultures and keeping traditions intact. Government initiatives should constantly monitor the progress of the projects that have already been initiated, continuously identifying bottlenecks and obstacles, to ensure the smooth functioning of such initiatives.Rural Tourism can help achieve some of the UNs Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) that aims at ending poverty by 2015. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1)Redefining Tourism Experiences and Insights from Rural Tourism Projects in India ( Ministry of Tourism, Government of India / UNDP India 2008) 2)www. viadesh. com 3)www. himalayan-homestays. com 4)Performance of Tourism Sector during July 2011, Ministry of Tourism 5)Annual Report 2011 Ministry of Tourism 6)Equations Annual Report, 2009-2010

Challenges and Opportunities Essay

The nearly famous soliloquy, aroundtimes through its ambiguity manages to convey critical point as the Renaissance man who forefronts himself and his judgements. It occurs in Act 3 Scene 1, currently before the typify exits place. This soliloquy in particular has a hygienic theme of suicide running passim it, most nonoriously, Whether tis nobler in the instinct to suffer and by opposing end them to die, to sleep- no more. The words crossroads uses almost encourage him to take his life he makes it sound an kindly and attractive prospect, but also as a cowardly option.He asks the question Who would fardels bear but that the dread of something after end and he convinces himself more and more that he is making the right decision to take his own life, whilst also considering the drawbacks. Both audiences would find this quite harrowing and a director would have to take care to take a perceptive approach. A sea of troubles provides the audience with a metaphorical visual r un across of everything in the world so overwhelming and having everything and everyone he choused and sure turn against him.Many hidden meanings are left for the audience to lead for themselves. These are presented through metaphors, euphemisms and other ambiguities. The undiscovered country is a euphemism for destruction life as seen as a continuous journey and death will never have been explored by any human that is life history No traveller returns. Hamlet does not forget that death is terminal it is forever, and this establishes his characteristic eithery detached state further. Hamlet is pensive, reflective whilst re chief(prenominal)ing analytical.The matte tone the director would allot signifies his dejected, flat state of mind. The soliloquy, in some ways lacks a certain passion that other soliloquies have. The three main characters (Gertrude, Claudius and his father / the ghost) fail to get a mention and instead he tends to use his genuine feelings and concentrate on his awry situation. The soliloquy contains a number of religious references Tis a consummation In thy orisons be all my sins remembered. This shows he is willing to accept the consequences of his movements and that death is his final sleep.Ophelia is again mentioned, though only briefly Soft you now the fair Ophelia. He does not condemn her as some may expect, yet he highlights how he feels rejected and unloved when he talks about The pangs of despised love and this makes the audience realise just how big a burden Hamlet did have to bear. Hamlet also shows his bitterness towards the authorities lack of action relating to the crime The insolence of office the laws delay and their arrogance. The Elizabethan audience would disapprove of this scene because of the strong theme of suicide throughout this soliloquy.It would have made them feel uneasy and overly critical of Hamlet, The eponymous hero. A ultramodern director would need to be precise in order to portray Hamlet as bei ng fully self-aware. The audience would need to be aware that Hamlet is being watched by Polonius and Claudius and this should wait on expose Hamlets uneasiness. The modern audience would be close to more perceptive to Hamlets dilemma than an audience of his geological era would, as there have been high profile suicides covered by the media and figures have increased over the years.Still, this would be a poignant and affect scene for any audience as they would see Hamlet slow losing grip of his life, and the director should aim to inject passion and emotion into it. The modern director has many new challenges to rise to which will make the play ever more relevant to the audience which the play is directed towards, disrespect some arguing the language is outdated and has no real relevance any longer.A modern audience will respond more to a play and will not be afraid to piece their opinions about matters raised, many of which are more relevant today as they occur frequently a nd make headlines. This audience, like the Renaissance thinkers will question Hamlets judgments and thoughts, analysing him and his thoughts carefully and relating them to their own experiences, flaws and weaknesses. 1,999Bibliography Hamlet by William Shakespeare modify by TJB Spencer New Penguin Shakespeare December 2003 Justine McMenemy.

Perkins Component Company

What type of power does Jerry Taylor salute, if any, in this situation? What would you recommend Jerry do at the end of this case, and why? First of all, it is really important to have a good netherstanding of the organizational realities and power dynamics in the Perkins Components organisation to be able to evaluate Jerry Taylors position in it. By identifying the different power sources available in the organization, we can commence the following power mapAs we can see in the map above, Jerry Taylors formal power (through his status) in the organisation is not very(prenominal) important but his collaboration network within his plane section and outside with the engineering department puts him a particular position. He seems to be the only one with the necessary authority and connections to be able to sack the collaboration between the two departments in the company happen. Thus, his network gives a certain power. At the end of the case, we can see that the situation as becom e very difficult to handle with Frank getting very upset, and for good reasonThe most important for Jerry Taylor is to maintain this situation under control. In order to do so, he cant allow Frank leave his office like this. Since its the manufacturing department which Jerry Taylor belongs to that is in the wrong, it is Jerrys duty to get responsibility for tom Darrows decisiveness not to get a TA from the engineering department and present the manufacturing department apologies (represented by him) to the engineering department (represented by Frank).If manufacturing does not accept and recognize that it was his fault, the two departments wont collaborate anymore in the future which would result in a disaster for the company Moreover, when fashioning a change in the company organisation, it is very important to impose guidelines and rules and stick to them. In this case, it had been made clear that a TA should be asked from engineering when a change in plan wanted to be done, and Tom Darrow deliberately did not respect this rule.To make it up to engineering and show them that they can work together with the manufacturing people, Jerry Taylor needs to show them that manufacturing is respecting the rules. Thus, he needs to get someone from his department to ask for a TA, Tom Darrow would normally be the one in charge but he did not do it. Therefore, he should ask Ralph since as a elevator car shop foreman, he is responsible for following the procedure as stated.

The Perils of Obedience by Stanley Milgram

In The Perils of Obedience by Stanley Milgram, Milgram explains that obedience is a inherent occurring behavior, which acts on instinct ignoring a persons ethics, sympathy, and moral conduct (Milgram 343). In this try appear two people come into the laboratory where they are told they will be taking part in a study of memory and learning. single subject is the teacher and the other is the learner. The teacher is ask to tape a list of simple word pairs.If the learner does non call the word pair the teacher was instructed to send bulge out electric shocks of increase intensity as penalisement to the learner. Whereas, The Stanford Prison Experiment by Philip Zimbardo is an evidence which explains why society has a need to learn to become gentle and authoritarian (Zimbardo 363). Zimbardo created a mock prison house ground consisting of ten prisoners and 11 guards. They were instructed to take over the role of guards and prisoners. Zimbardo wanted to interrogation the effe ct that prison has on guards and prisoners.Milgram and Zimbardo were both interested in how people obey under authoritative circumstances, using fake settings to test obedience however the writers dissent in the seriousness of the fight for individuality and the use of rattlingity. Under both given circumstance people tend to obey authority other than. Milgram tested this theory out by putting his volunteers into a laboratory setting and having them pressing a button shocking the other person for a wrong answer. The majority of Milgrams volunteers went through the prove, non wanting to decline the authority figure.Milgram stated, The essence of obedience is that a person comes to view himself as the instrument for carrying out another persons wishes, and he consequentlyce no longer regards himself as responsible for his actions (Milgram 354). With Zimbardos volunteers they sought out to dispense order and receive orders. Since Zimbardos volunteers knew that they would be a ble to tolerate the prison and that it was not real, the experiment had no true effect. Real prisoners fill in that they are in for a long time and not honourable 14 days. However, in just six days and six nights their experiment was ended.The experiment got away from dealing with the intellectual exercise and started dealing with the psychological mishaps. If normal, young, healthy, educated men could so radically transformed under a prison environment in so short of a time, then one can shudder to imagine what society is doing both to the true guards and prisoners (Zimbardo 374). Milgrams experiment was in a fake setting because the subjects were not likely to act in that behavior since the setting was not a reality situation. Being in a laboratory trying to test out obedience is not normal.Humans tend to act differently out in the real world. The studies of obedience cannot meaningfully be carried out in a laboratory setting, since obedience occurred in a background where i t is appropriate. (Milgram 362) Take for instance the Adolf Hitler era. Testing done other than by internal observation is merely a reflection of what is expected to happen. Zimbardos prison setting was not ideal to a real prison nor real criminals. t is impossible to separate what each individual brings into the prison from what the prison brings out in each person. Zimbardo 365) Volunteers knew that would be set free later a given date.The volunteers in Milgrams experiment were fighting their unconscious minds. The person had complete power over the other individual, whom he could punish whenever he saw fit. The subject had to decide if what they where doing was right (causing pain to another). They were not fighting for their own individuality because they still had that. Zimbardos prisoners were fighting for their individuality. Subjects were taken from the streets and thrown into a prison where all their fights as citizens were taken away.

Leadership Communication Essay

While any(prenominal) multitude may assume lead converse does non engage to be declare by an impelling communicator. , It is immanent to know that large number that withhold leaders positions in presidential terms need to harbour healthful useful communion skills that argon successful within the organizations that entourage their positions. Public health organizations such as health departments put one across lead communicators who initi tout ensemble in ally, address issues that weigh the present and succeeding(a) of the organization to other members and staff. This is a detailed duty that needs to ensure a person is a superior communicator (Barrett, 2006). Messages that ar given from a lead perspective reflect values of the organization such as vision, mission, and culture (Barrett, 2006). leading communicators too focus on consistency expressed done an organizations values in which they communicate frequently within the organization. People that withh old positions in lead intercourse strengthen the values and culture within an organization base on organizational values and the mission of the organization (Barrett, 2006). Leadership without comfortably communion is a temperedback in many organizations, which is why its desired for anyone in lead intercourse to book accredited traits and characteristics. This assay result depict the traits and characteristics inevitable for success.I chose this as a radical of interest because many community are incognizant of what leading confabulation is and the things that they should be aiming towards to become a more(prenominal) in effect(p) communicator. I matt-up that if this topic was highlighted from a antithetic perspective it would strengthen the conference and/or make hatful in leadership chats become more useful and beneficial communicators within their organizations. I chose to look at leadership communicating from the worldly concern health leadership medic al prognosis of organizations, because it is insepar adequate for them to have secure effective communicators. Surely, while again some people may feel leadership communication does not have to be led by an effective communicator. This essay will highlight some account essentials so that its better understood why it is essential that people that withhold positions such as these in leadership have strong effective communication skills within public leadership positions.Effective conference Concepts/SkillsWorking in the public health vault of heaven has allowed me to familiarize myself with the communication concepts of effective leadership communication. People that withhold positions in proficient maturation as public health leaders are compulsory to have rattling strong communication skills. Leaders bring competency-establish instruction in coiffure to increase their ability to address complex and changing assumes of comminuted services (Wright, 2000). Anyone that is in a leadership position has to be adequate to(p) to tattle clearly and proficiently to various types of people. Public health requires individuals in communication leadership to also withhold personal skills of leadership that are essential to the success of public health organizations.People in leadership must master effective communication in assure for people around them to have assurance in what they are verbalizing about from a leadership standpoint. Being an effectual leader is wellspring-established in knowledge and implementation of accurate communication skills (Baack, 2012). Lines of communication must unceasingly be blossom out from a leadership standpoint in which the people they are address to. Interpersonal influences reflect the way the audience receives the information from a leadership standpoint. Communication Process in LeadershipThe communication process in leadership involves interchanging messages between the source and the receiver (Rowitz, 2012). Maintaining a healthy communication has call forthn to be effective in productivity. Individuals that withhold positions in communication leadership have to ensure the proper communication channels are followed and open in order to ensure effective communication in the executeplace. In the public health sector communication channels have to be open at all times in which all employees understand how they work within the workplace. There are many different ways in which communication is transmitted within the workplace finished leadership communication such as, emails, phones, letters, memos, and face to face meetings. These are very common in public health organizations, due to the increased demand of communication. Leadership communicators look for feedback through with(predicate) all sources of communication that enhances the communication process. The communication processs can either be verbal or non-verbal. Managers need to ensure that no matter which way they communicat e that its always effective communication. Important Traits for Leadership Communicators some people are unaware of what traits a person in leadership must poses in order to be a successful and effective communicator. Personal characteristic traits such as the ability to make public speeches, rather its a group or individual communication. Motivation is a very essential characteristic. People in the public health sector have to be very compassionate and propel about things in which they are speaking, based on the fact the main goal and function is to communicate in effect to the public in which they understand. Can you imagine if someone was trying to run you to stop smoking, through a public speech in which they were non- motivated? The speech would not be considered effective and would not pose as an effective outr individually to the public. As a person in leadership when stretching out to do health education to the public we have to ensure we are portraying effective leadersh ip skills, in which people mostly look for when speaking.Communication skills are very important to ensure effective leadership in communication. When speaking publicly there is a cope of diversity that public speakers encounter. The proper traits and skills generally assist in these matters and prove to be effective in meeting the needs of various groups through effective communication. Most successful leaders have these traits and skills needed. Leaders also have to be able to respond appropriately and think quickly. Many times, when public health organizations hire or seek people to speak in leadership positions they ensure that the candidate posses certain traits, characteristics, and skills. They make certain the candidate knows how to communicate with all elements of the organization the public health sector is a major organization with numerous groups of people.Leaders are required to know how and when to communicate with everyone within the organization, including empl oyees, other managers, and community leaders. All groups require a different communication musical mode and leadership style in which a person in leadership communication must be able to adapt at any time. Flexibility is an important aspect and is also required for skills that a leader must have. When he/she is delivering a message or presentation to the community it would differ in style compared to speaking to employees or other individuals in leadership.Applying ConceptsBy means of applying the concepts of effective leadership communication to public health organizations and drawing ways in which communication can be improved have found ways in which communication from a leadership perspective can be identify and more effective within the community. By applying the organizational communication concept general communication plays a key component in effective leadership communication. I have found develops that a person that speaks in public through leadership begins to build ef fective organizational communication is targeted through open dialogue which is developed between management and employees. This shows to be a result of improved engagement and productivity amongst all personnel.ResearchWhen researching leadership communication concepts it allowed me to understand the overall dynamics of an effective leader and the role that they play in the public health sector. When you work in a public health organization you are able to identify and understand what effectiveness is, it makes it easier to identify it within a speaker. When you are able to recognize what skills a person must poses in order to be the most effective as a communicator it makes it a quite a little easier to improve and evaluate different aspects of communication. I have identified areas in which some people need to improve on as they take roles in leadership communication. If areas that need improvement are highlighted implementations can be made for improvement.The characteristics a nd traits identified in this essay which surrounds productivity and success tin an organization that presents effective communication through leadership (Rowitz, 2012) supersedes the amount of people that assume people in leadership do not have to poses skills and concepts to be effective communicators. Those who have no knowledge draw wild assumptions (Barrett, 2006).This essay has highlighted through my research the knowledge and concepts that some lack when it comes to leadership communication. As Barrett states, Leadership without good communication is a setback in many organizations, which is why its desired for anyone in leadership communication to have certain traits and characteristics.Communication Training ProgramIn the future of building a leadership communication training platform I would propose an organizational leadership and communication certificate training schedule. The program would be designed to teach people internally within the organization the key fu ndamentals of leadership development and effective communication strategies. The program would be a team building approach in which everyone would attain successfully. Upon complemental the training program which would be primarily 8 weeks each participant would receive a certificate of completion for successfully completing the program. The training would assist in developing leadership skills, as well as teach speaking skills in a presentation/shop style class dynamic. Individuals would be introduced to ways in which they could improve their leadership skills. By offering trainings employees and leadership communicators will be able to identify and improve their areas of weakness. I have found that trainings improve employee morale fashioning communication more effective ensuring successes in productivity.ConclusionThough my researches I have concluded that people that are in leadership positions as communicators must be effective communicators and have a strong set of skills a nd characteristics that have been highlighted throughout my thesis. This essay depicted the traits and characteristics needed for success. It is essential that people that withhold positions such as these in leadership have strong effective communication skills within public leadership positions. While some people may still assume leadership communication does not have to be led by an effective communicator, facts prove other than based on success within organizations that recognize specific traits and characteristics needed to succeed in effective communication. The more trainings and improvements that are implemented will ensure that individuals in leadership are well prepared for public speaking within and outside of the community.ReferencesBaack, D. (2012). Management communication. San Diego, CA Bridgepoint Education, Inc. Barrett, Deborah. (2006). Leadership communications. McGraw-Hill Professional, Education, Inc. Garcia, H. F. (2012). Leadership communications Planning f or the desired reaction. Strategy & adenine Leadership, 40(6), 42-45. doihttp//dx.doi.org/10.1108/10878571211278886 Hackman, M. Z., & antiophthalmic factor Johnson, C. E. (2004). Leadership A communication perspective. Long Grove, IL Waveland Press. Hughes, R. L., Ginnett, R. C., &type A Curphy, G. J. (1996). Leadership. Irwin. Press, N. C. D. (1996). organizational communication. An Integrated Approach to Communication Theory and Research, 383. Rowitz, L. (2012). Public health leadership. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. Vries, R. E., Bakker-Pieper, A., & Oostenveld, W. (2010). Leadership=Communication? the relations of leaders communication styles with leadership styles, knowledge sharing and leadership outcomes. Journal of Business & Psychology, 25(3), 367-380. doihttp//dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10869-009-9140-2.Wright, K., Rowitz, L., Merkle, A., Reid, W. M., Robinson, G., Herzog, B., & Baker, E. (2000). Competency development in public health leadership. American Journal of Public Health, 90(8), 1202.