Healthy lifestyle Essay

In my everyday life, I come across many a(prenominal) apprehensions. One of the ceaseless vexations is of leaving a negative impact on people with whom I deal on regular basis. These people are not my family members as I have a coco aced family life and I am ascorbic acid percent sure of my loved ones unconditional support to me al expressive styles. It is the people bid neighbors, peers etc. whose approval I seek the just about and fear that they efficacy hold a negative impression of my individualality in their minds. This fear affects my everyday life drastic tot each(prenominal)yy.Though I sword sure that I appear calm and composed in front of others, I purport extremely conscious from within about the way in which I am coming across to people. This means approximately of my conversations during my interpersonal communications are not spontaneous. I think a pack ahead speaking as I do not demand to wound any bodys feelings and at the same time I try to safeguard my own egotism-esteem by being total in the eyes of others. This fear has made me an excellent observer of not only verbal moreover alike non verbal communication.I am able to observe certain things that everyone cannot. I read eye contacts, polar types of smiles, the way one nods ones head, the way one reacts on seeing me, the intensity of the handshake etc. to confirm whether entirely is well in ones mind and heart as far as my go steady is considered. This is a trait that some quantify irritates me as even in escaped chats I am always alert and feel that I am on a mission to present myself in the eyes of others as beautifully as possible.After trying to intrinsically understand this survey of my personality I have come to a conclusion that I am extremely protective of my self image and would find it in reality difficult to combat any personal attacks like use of no-good words or hurtful gestures as I am undefended from within. My fear truly represents my love for be ing considered a respectable member of the society and being ac get laidledged by everyone as a tremendous person. Another factor that affects my behavior is the fear of gaining weight. This fear is so sound that whenever I eat something good, I feel guilty of eating it.I love food but always keep on doing calculations of how many calories I cleverness earn by indulging in hearty my taste buds. As a result eating is not as much fun as it used to be in my childishness days. A simple activity like eating has become a complicated task for me. Not only this, I spend a substantial amount of time in looking at myself from all angles in the mirror. I want to ensure that I am hit and attractive. As a result I keep on ask my family members whether I look attractive or not. The worst part is that some(prenominal) the answer is, I somehow do not believe in it completely.This means that if some one says that I look great and my act is good enough, I do not completely believe in him / h er as I feel that he / she is saying this just to make me happy. On the other hand if someone points out a modest defect in my figure for example slightly large quarter or thighs etc. , I feel that he / she is being in any case sarcastic. I start arguing that after all that does not debase my attractive personality in any way. This behavior of mine has real affected my personal relationships as my near and skilful ones are really at their wits end to find out a way of providing an answer that satisfies me.I know that they love me the way I am and my appearance really does not matter to them much but my excess of making sure that my outward personality is attractive puts them off sometimes and strains the conversations on many occasions. I want to get out of this fear induced behavior but have not gained any success so far. I feel that this behavior again represents how conscious I am of my self image. In addition to my inner qualities I also want to gain praises and acceptan ce of my appearance and looks.I want everyone to be mesmerized by my qualities and I am extremely conscious of it always. These twain fears represent that I want to be a wonderful person from all aspects. Another fear that affects me and my behavior is the fear of loosing a dear one. I always fear that people whom I love the most might suffer a fatal accident or might get diagnosed with an incurable disease. This fear has affected my behavior a lot. I not only openly shower my love to the people I am close to, but also tell them to be as careful with their health and well being as possible.I interpret them a lot on how to cross the roads, how to drive or how to tame and adopt a healthy lifestyle. This is something that all my family members are aware of but I st paralyzed keep on reminding them about the negative results of being careless. A positive way in which my behavior has got affected collect to my fear is that I have become very cautious with money. I think a lot before spending extravagantly as I feel that money should be saved for hard times like dealing with a loved ones ill health.I keep track of all the measures that can be taken to prevent certain common diseases like high / low phone line pressure level, high / low cholesterol level, guinea pig 1 / Type 2 diabetes etc. I keep on reading self help books on how to keep oneself fit and keep on imperativeness to my family members that they should always exercise and take care of their bodies. If they miss out on their daily exercise routine then I let them know my dislike instantly and sometimes even behave rudely with them which puts them off. I try to take things lightly but get very loaded if my loved ones show any sign of being lazy in their health related matters.I also lecture them a lot on their spending habits and try to make them understand that health is the most important wealth they possess and they should save money for hard times. so all the three forms of fear represent the d ifferent ways in which I treasure the gift of life that God has bestowed upon me. I want to lead life to the fullest by conserving and taking good care of all the natural assets that I am born with as well as the ones that I have attained through hard work in order to lead a wholesome life in fraternity of my loving family members and approving acquaintances. I fear of parting away from all that I have.

Sample of Selling Product Proposal

Love what youre doing when youre selling a growth. The popular reach of a trades rep as any(prenominal)one volitioning to sell at all costs is non the reality across the board in sales. A profound salesperson loves sales, is motivated by what theyre selling, and transfers this enthusiasm and intuitive live drawssing to the customer. Indeed, the customer is given options, including the one to walk a direction, in order to suspend such undue pressure. Learn how to listen to customers and to read their body language. reduce interrupting or disagreeing with a customer, and provide your customer with space to talk. Know how to fork oer a customers folded arms, eye contact, and manner of standing toward or away from you. settle the customer comfortable and youre off to a good start in selling your crossway. 2Be spangledgeable ab divulge the crossroad. There is nothing more(prenominal) exasperate to a capableness customer than to make out across a half- listted salesp erson who claims uncertainty almost what the ware foot and cant do, what its made from, and what happens when things in it resign working.It is absolutely vital to tell a lead off your crossing range inside out and if you do not know something a customer asks of you, let them know youll find out and get back to them as soon as possible. 3Help the customer see the perks. As well as acquiring good product entropy to the right plenty, it is important to translate the products features into benefits for the customer, thus devising it easier for them to bargain. Have you make use ofd the product, tested it, tried it out, or worked with itwhichever is relevant? Do you feel comfortable well-nigh being able to talk to a customer as someone totally familiar with the product? solicit yourself one simple question Why should a customer buy my product? If the only answer you can come up with is So I can get paid, youre selling the wrong product. 4Ensure that the product has been adequ ately explained. Good product tuition, including retail packaging, is important. Lots of salespersons and sales double-deckers dont homogeneous to swallow that sales can be completed by product information. They corresponding to think it is their personal charm, intelligence, and determination that closes sales. For the most part, that is bunk. Not only can sales be made by product information, most sales atomic number 18 made this way.And this is more true today than in the recent because of the proliferation of big-box stores and other forms of product sales without the benefit of interpersonal kins. The product information should be informative, true and complete. Ideally, it should give the prospective buyer all the information they need to buy on the spot. For most prospects shopping without assistance, clear and light to understand information, as described above, is important. 5 trifle the benefits of the product loud and clear. Besides the substantial utility, beau ty, or even fame of the product, what argon you offering above and beyond? stir it clear to the customer what key benefits the product chip ins to them, such as guarantees, warranties, and after-sales service. Connecting with the vendee 1 get word the motivations of the buyer. When presenting the product to the customer, bear in mind that most successful products and function are bought, not sold. They are bought by people who present a need, and believe that the product will satisfy that need. This is often the result of merchandise rather than selling, however. Selling the product rather than just offering it for sale almost unceasingly involves an emotional component.Take some date to tonicity at the food marketing side of the product. What visits and promises move over been created by the marketing round the product that youre trying to sell? In what ways can you play along this theme where it seems most appropriate to maintain the promised satisfaction the marketi ng offers? During your presentation, fix that your prospective buyer will want or need your product. You will need to do this through with(predicate) a range of methods, including observing their reactions, hearing to them carefully, and asking them clear questions about what they actually need.If youre visiting your potential buyers office, watch at their wall and desk. What photos, posters, or images can you see? Are at that place images of family, pets, vacations that will provide you with a connection to this persons wants? 2Know how to open with a customer. instead of asking the close-ended question May I help you? , ask the more positive, open-ended Are you weighing for something for yourself is it a gift for someone attachitional? And be alert to making comments on the product before getting into a deeper discussion with the customer, such as These long legged estimator stands are really popular this summer. 3Convert the customers motivations into the products char acteristics. In marketing, this is kn let as pose, and it consists of equating the product with the customers hopes and desires. The celebrateing positioning factors are all of brilliance when selling a product1 military capability the product in the best spectrum of the market possible. Mark H, McCormack calls this finding your biggest bulge of buyers, and not pitching the product withal high or too low in terms of affordability and luxury. 2 bearing the facts about the product according to the person youre selling it to.You may have a handful of different facts, unless its up to your skill to know which of those facts best serve each individual sale. Position the facts so that they contemplate the desired perception. However, dont fudge facts or lie outright. This is about perception, not deception. Position the facts so that they transcend the product itself. This message that the desirable, positive values associated with the product sell the product and have genuine ly little to do with the product itself. Companies that excel at this include Coca-Cola, Apple, and galore(postnominal) designer goods or labels. Understand all the aspects that feed into the end sale of a product. Advertising, merchandising, and marketing are support functions for selling. Selling is the goal of these support functions and a good salesperson needs to have a decent understanding of each of these aspects in a products life. Read basic texts on marketing. These will quickly bring you up to speed on many of the tactics and techniques underlying advertising, merchandising, and marketing. In addition, texts on starting a small business will often provide useful overview information of this type.Read How to understand marketing for more details. If your product is more for work than for play, learn a little about finance to quantify its benefits. If its for a business, learn more about score to explain how it will make the investors as well as the employees happy. 5Be h onest. long-run lovers of your product will only come about if youve been honest with them. This manner being transparent in your delivery of product information and alike admitting your own lack of knowledge or mistakes youve made where needed. Dont be horror-stricken of honesty it builds trust.Think like (not about) your customers. Think about what youd like to hear and learn about the product if you were in the customers shoes. Dont take the easy way out and brush your customer off when stock is low or your knowledge is sparse. everlastingly make a genuine effort to follow up customer wants, and to physically take customers to a product, and demonstrate it, where possible. A customer given a hands-on demonstration will feel more involved in the sale and more likely to grease ones palms than one who is told Its in aisle 5 that way and given a brisk hand wave. Closing the Sale 1Close the sale.There are many styles and methods of closing a sale. One of the most effective has t he mnemonic, ABC Always Be Closing. As you confirm your prospective buyers interest in the product, dedicate forward trial closes like, Does this sound like the product you want? . When answered in the affirmative, this may mean you have completed the sale on that product, and it is time to build the sale with related products. 2Be prepared to give customers time to administer. be overly pushy is a turn-off for many modern-day buyers who do their own savvy internet re expect before coming to see you.They may want to go home and do a quick online search let them do so with your enthusiastic and supportive pitch in their mind. If youve been truthful, helpful, considerate, and enthusiastic and the information youve given them matches with what they read online, itll be your business they come back to for the product, or your product theyll prefer over a competitors. improve Sales 1Spread your product information. It is important to make your product information operational throug h as many channels as possible.Today, the range of potential placements has increased a great deal thanks to the advances in communications. fracture your potential buyers many possible places to find out more about your information including in the following ways Promote your product through representatives, dealers, salesmen, radio, TV, word-of-mouth by customers, mail and email (in various forms), distribution at trade shows, seminars, telephone, fax, computer networks, product packaging, airline magazines, retail storefronts, space ads, and the Internet.And consider the worth of product placement in movies, sports games, and other big events that are televised. Use social media. This is now a very important part of getting products out into the broader, global marketplace. Places Facebook and Pinterest can be great debut pads for your product. Use local community events. Donating your product to a local discipline gala for auctioning to raise school funds can be a great way t o get your product known, as well as getting the goodwill from the community who recognizes your generosity. 2Get creative.Sales can only be increased by certain things over which you have control but which are not necessarily self-evident. Sometimes price changes are ask other times, youll need tweaks to the product, or a broadening or assure of your product range. All of this will be evident from undertaking ceaseless inventory checks and follow ups on sales performance. Some methods to increase sales include Selling more of your existing products to your existing customers which probably means rising sales methods will need to be implemented. Adding new products.Adding new customers. Having an exclusive product for a set period of time that everyone wants. Troubleshooting pitiful Sales 1Review. At regular intervals during and after the sale of your product, there should always be a review. Is the product selling well? If not, why not? Are stocks low or are you still trippin g over product that has dust on it? Bear in mind the image that slow-moving or unsold products can create in the minds of a customer. Finding dust on items tells the customer the product has been there for some time and may be outdated.Seeing the same video display month in and month out suggests to the customer that the product is stale and not very popular. Always review the viability of the products with these questions Can the product be deleted from your line if its not selling so well? Try not to add new products until youve removed the old ones or you may just have too many choices and less leverage with which to convince the potential buyer. If youre a business owner, you also risk tying up too more than of your cash in stock that has the potential to go obsolete prompt than you can move it.Can you liquidate obsolete products? Can you look back over your target market and sharpen the focus? You may have been missing the best fit within the market for your product. Re-eva luate product mix, product design, product location and selling methods if your product is in sinful sales decline. EditTips Know what your competitors are doing and find ways to outsell their ideas. Does your product have added features, special warranties, or a better price? utilize Independent Sales Reps (working on commission only).They will sell your product and get paid only when the sale is consumed. Many resources exists to find them online. Make your prices low. You will sell lots of products and get as much silver as you wouldve done for making your item expensive and selling very little. A database such as Microsoft Access can help you organize, reorganize, and display the information your business generates for all kinds of insights. A personal information manager (PIM) program, often part of an email program, specializes in organizing contacts.A customer relationship management 3 (CRM) program goes a step further by automating their use in marketing. For example, ACT makes it very easy to get back to a potential customer every 30 days. Other computer programs, like OpenOffice. org are also extremely helpful in organization, hurry reports and same tasks. EditWarnings Never let people into your home. It is better to have an Internet-run business where people dont have direct contact with you. It may seem hard running an Internet business, but when you get going, it is definitely worth all of the work. EditRelated wikiHows

Story About Myself

It was a struck twelve at midnight on 20th April 1994, unitary kind couple of husband and wife had been interpreted to the hospital by the ambulance, because the they will bind their second son from their marriage. It was rainig cat and dog. When they arrived at the emergency theatrical role case, a gorgeous 9 month pregnant woman were taken out from the ambulance and was rushed to the labour room by the nurse. When the clock 4. 08 in the morning, mavin cute and adorable baby boy with 3. 45kg weight was natural to the instauration.After one week get home from the hospital, my parents took 6 age to find a suitable spend a penny for me and at nett they free-base a suitable and interesting name to me, the name that they gives to me is Muhamad Afifuddin bin monotonous Husin. On year 2011, at 3rd January I registeread as a form 5 student after 1 at one of the school in Kompleks Sekolah-sekolah Wakaf Mek Zainab, Kota Bharu, Kelantan it was SMK Putera and similarly known as Kel antan Sport School. It was my commencement daytime at school as a senior student.On these year I will face a national scrutiny known as Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia ( SPM ) examination that will decide my life in the future after I finished my study at school. front and foremost, I would like to tell rough my family background . In my family I have 3 siblings 2 boys and 1 girl, include me. The starting line one is my brformer(a), his name is Muhamad Akmal he was natural on 15th July 1991 at Sungai Petani Hospital, Kedah. He know analyse at Tun Hussein Onn University of Malaysia ( UTHM ), Johor on 4th January 2011 he registered at the university and start his second semester.The second one is me Muhamad Afifuddin I was born 20th April 1994 at Baling Hospital, Kedah. On 20th April too the date of giving birth of our prophet Muhammad s. a. w. The last one is my sister Nur Nadiah she was born on sixteenth March 1998. She was studied at Maahad Muhammadi Perempuan, Kota Bharu, Kelanta n. On 3rd January 2011 she registered as spurt 1 student at there. I as well have 2 loving parents that take care whole of my siblings, my fathers name is Mat Husin bin Lebai Mat he was born on 19th December 1957. he works as health care assistant at Klinik Kesihatan Badang.My mothers name is Zainon binti Mamat, she was born on 10th June 1960 and she work as a residential area nurse at Klinik Desa Kijang. The next things that I fatality tell is active my characteristics. First one is Im was a accomplicely individual, I like to defy new friend at every base that I visit. Im besides not choosing when I make new friend, now I have a lot of friend and some of them are from different races like Thai,Indian, Christian and Chinese slew. well-nigh of my friend I met at school, taekwondo training centre and taekwondo tournament, tot eithery of them also a friendly person.The second one is, Im also a protagonistful person I like to help any people especially people in trouble. When Im at school I eternally help my friend that have fuss in study and problem in other thing, I also like to help the teachers when they need a help from me. If we help other people that have problem and in trouble they will help us when we need their help. The last one about my characteristics is Im also an active person. At school I join provoke Cadet I participate all the event that have been held by the Fire Cadet and school.Join the Fire Cadet was the one of the co-curiculum at school. I also active in taekwondo, I partipate in all the tournament that have been held. In tournament win and lost was the bespoken in a tournament, if we lost we must redouble our efforts to win in the other tournament and if we win we must maintain winning in every tournament and always increase our performance. In addition, Im also have many hobbies that gave many benefits to me. My first hobby is track downacting football, Ill play football at 5. 0pm everyday at my resolution near Kelan tans River.Ill play football with my friend, we play football for our health sometimes we held a tournament among us and the winner will get present. When we held a tournament like that we chamberpot increase our stamina, sport spirit and join our friendship. My other hobbies is playing cyber games, Ill play cyber games erstwhile a week on Saturday because when school season Ill focussing on my study. When the school holidays coming Ill play cyber games every day only when I also spend my time on my study.sometimes I play the cyber games at the cyber games and sometimes Ill play the cyber games at my house, normally I always play at my house. I play those cyber games with my cyber friends that comes from the entire area, Ill also get many friend when I play those cyber games. I like visit interesting and historic fructify like Melaka, Pulau Langkawi, Terengganu and other step to the fore, thats also one of my hobbies, when I visits those place Ill know information about it l ike history of those place. On the other hands, I have many favourites things likes favourites nutrient, drinks, colour and sport.First is about my favourite food, I like to eat maggie tom yam because I like spicy food, I also like nasi lemak because some soil in Malaysia have their own nasi lemak. In state of kedah their nasi lemak is spicy because all people that lives at the north likes spicy food. My last favourite food is char kuey teow original made from Penang their char kuey teow was so delicious. Next, my favourite drinks is orange juice because orange juice has many vitamin C thats helps in absorb bid. I also like teh tarik because it can prevent iron in the dead body.My favourite colour is blue, black, orange and white and I always ensure that things that I bought have at least one of those colour. The last of my favourite is sport, my favourite sports is rugby and football in those sports they play as one team and the must have collaboration among the team members if they hope to win in every tournament they played. The team also should have a head of an efficient and caring of his team mate. I also like taekwondo because in this game we must have agility of the body and quickly make the right decisions when we sparring in the ring.Last only not least, my ambition or career when I finished my studied at university. I want to be a professional photographer because I likes to takes picture people, scenery and animal, I hope I can have my own photo studio world-class that have all equipment for photoshoot session . I likes these profession when I saw a programs in television that show a professional photographer snap a picture of people, animal and others, their artwork were respected by everyone in the world and some of them celebrities comes up for grabs because of their beautiful artwork.All of them become success person in his life and his profession. Their life full of wealth and luxury but that not the points I like these profession, I like these profession because I want to show my artwork to the whole world and I want they respected and revered it. I also want to be the first Malaysian professional photographer that show to the world that Malaysian people also can be a famous people the world and success in their profession and life.

Adoption and the Care of Orphan Children Essay

A common conception is that Muslim truth forbids word meanings. However, this belief misses the complexity of Muslim law, the scope of credence laws and practices across the world, and the fire emphasis on taking care of orphans and foundlings found within Islamic sources. Contemporary betrothal practices are immensely complex issues, overlapping with baby birdrens rights, international and national laws, human psychology, economic, affectionate, and religious concerns, and the ethics of lineage, identity, property and heritage rights.In this position paper, the Muslim Womens Shura Council considers whether adoption layabout be possible within an Islamic framework. After examining Islamic texts and history aboard social science research and the international consensus on small fryrens rights, the Council finds that adoption can be acceptable under Islamic law and its ruler objectives, as long as important honourable guidelines are followed. This argumentation consults th e Quran, the example of the Prophet Muhammad (sunna), the objectives and principles of Islamic law (maqasid al-sharia), Islamic Jurisprudence (fiqh), and social science data.The Shura Council finds that, instead of banning adoption, Islamic sources have brought various ethical restrictions to the process, condemning dissimulation and foregrounding compassion, transparency, and justice. These restrictions closely resemble what is known at present as the practice of light adoption. Therefore, when in all efforts to sic orphaned children with t inheritor encompassing family have been exhausted, open, intelligent, ethical adoptions can be a preferable Islamically-grounded substitute to institutional care and other unstable arrangements.According to Islamic and habitual standards of childrens rights, all children have the right to grow up in a nurturing, loving environment where their physiological, psychological, and intellectual needs are met. all told children have the right to know their lineage and to celebrate their unique national, cultural, linguistic, and spiritual identity. All children have the right to a safe, supportive environment where their rights to dignity, tuition, and the growing of their talents are well respected. The best interests of the child should be the primary regard in all decisions relating to children, including adoption.OrphanDifferent states and international institutions have variant criteria for determining whether a child is an orphan. UNICEF classifies whatever child that has lost wiz enhance as an orphan and estimates that approximately 143 million children are before long orphans.1 For the purposes of this document, an orphan is a minor who is bereft of maternal(p) care imputable to death, disappearance, or abandonment by either the mother or the father, as well as situations where the parent voluntarily or involuntarily terminates the parental relationship. This definition combines several concepts in clas sical Arabic, including yatim (fatherless child) and laqit (foundling).AdoptionAdoption can be defined as the legal creation of a parent-child relationship, with all the responsibilities and privileges thereof, amongst a child and adults who are non his or her biologic parents. Adoptions incorporate a child into a family as offspring and sibling, careless(predicate) of genetic ties. There are two main categories of adoption practices, for the most part termed as closed(a) adoptions and open adoptions. However, in reality most adoption practices fall meverywhere on a continuum between fully open and fully closed. In closed or confidential adoptions, the birth family and the foster family have no identifying information about from each one other.Children may not be informed that they have been adopted, and they may have no course of tracing biological kin. If the child comes from a different cultural cathode-ray oscilloscope than his or her adoptive parents, their heritage might be marginalized or ignored. unlikable adoptions, therefore, have the potential to dissolve all ties between an adoptee and her biological family. pay adoptions, which are becoming increasingly common across the world, allow for a full disclosure of identities on two sides. Open adoptions facilitate engineer interaction between the adoptive family, the adopted child, and any birth relatives. The childs birth culture may more than easily be respected and promoted by the adoptive family and incorporated into the familys daily life.However, the categories of closed and open are better understood as idealized types, as most families experience a hybrid form of adoption that comprises elements of both open and closed adoption practices. The empirical data on the risks and benefits of each type of adoption has shown mixed results, with some adopted children embracing the luck to contact their birth families and others experiencing confusion and insecurity.2 Generally, however, o pen adoptions are associated with better psychological and behavioral outcomes for the child.With the exception of Indonesia, Malaysia, Somalia, Tunisia, and Turkey, the laws of most Muslimmajority states do not currently reserve legal adoption. Instead, laws permit a system of guardianship (kafala), which resembles foster-parenting, but is more stable. Kafala is defined as the commitment to voluntarily take care of the maintenance, of the education and of the protection of a minor, in the same elan a *parent would do for a child+.5 According to Jamila Bargach, kafala is seen as principally a gift of care and not a substitute for matrilinear descent.In other words, kafala involves the obligations of guardianship and maintenance without the creation of legal ties, which would sustain specific personal status legal entitlements. This type of guardianship does not sever the biological family bonds of the child or alter the descent lines for the adopting family. unalike foster-pare nting, kafala is intended to be a permanent arrangement for a minor. equivalent fosterparenting and adoption, kafala is mediated by the state, in contrast to informal or normal adoptions which take place within families or through secret agreements.Convergences between Kafala and AdoptionWhereas this statement focuses on adoption and not kafala, in some cases kafala may lead to adoption. Countries with strict application of non-international kafala, like Iran, Mauritania, and Egypt, reject any legal recognition between kafala and adoption. Citizens of these countries who reside in other countries, where adoption is the law of the land, cannot gain guardianship of a child with the intention of adopting that child in their state of residency. Other states, like Morocco, Algeria, Jordan and Pakistan, allow for placements of kafala children abroad, particularly with nationals alive in foreign countries, with certain stipulations. Tunisia and Indonesia allow for a full convergency of kafala and adoption, limiting adoptions to national applicants, whether living in the country or abroad.Islamic LawThe term Islamic law refers to two related, yet distinct concepts, which are often conflated Sharia and Fiqh. Sharia literally means the way and is a transcendental ideal that embodies the justice and compassion inherent in the totality of Gods will. Fiqh, which literally means understanding, is Islamic rule and juristic law, which has developed from the eighth century onwards as a human effort to interpret the Sharia. Fiqh has been developed by Muslim legal scholars through analysis of the Quran and the example (sunna) of the Prophet Muhammad, with the aim of securing justice according to the context of each society, time (zaman), and place (makan).7Adoption in pre-Islamic ArabiaDuring the pre-Islamic period in Arabia, adoption (al-tabanni) into a tribe often took place for socioeconomic and patriarchal reasons. Al-tabanni is derived from the Arabic word ibn, meanin g son. In safekeeping with the patriarchal norms of the era, adoptees were usually, if not always, male.11 People adopted mainly to secure an heir and/or additional warriors for the tribe. Adoption could take place at any time in a persons life, from childhood to adulthood, charge if the adoptees biological parents were alive.12 The adoptee automatically earned full rights and the responsibilities of a biological child and was given the adoptive fathers name. Since male children were considered a source of wealth and prestige, this benefited the adoptive father.13Often adoption was undertaken in egoism with the intention of usurping an orphans property, as the adoptive parents would end up managing an orphaned childs property. In addition, adoption was closely link to enslavement captors held the power to strip captives of their birth identities and appropriate them into their families.14 For these reasons, pre-Islamic adoption entailed a complete erasure of natal identity.

Honesty Is a Best Policy

It is true that satinpod is the best polity. Today, we see m all things around us which are not honest. Many persons are dishonest. Dis cartwheel may blaze for some time. It may earn money, power and men. But all this is for a short time. satinpod is courageous, dis cartwheel is a coward. Honesty is bound to happen upon after the night of dishonesty. There is no place for dishonest great deal on the earth. They lose the battle in the end. An honest person unless now faecal matter win a place in the hearts of people. duplicitous men get temporary response solely they are impel out of peoples hearts.Dishonesty cannot face the reality. It has to say hundred lies to hide one doing of dishonesty. Therefore honesty is the best insurance. Honesty truly is the best policy. Honesty is the best policy It is a widely recognized saying of genus Benzoin Franklin and it is considered one of the wisest sayings. It means that honesty was an important trait even several(prenominal) centuri es ago. Benjamin Franklin wrote Poor Richards Almanack, which consisted of wise aphorisms, or sayings. Honesty is the best policy is one of his sayings that is universally recognized and encouraged.This phrase signifies the vastness of existence a moral and truthful person Honesty is an important and admirable trace that a person can gravel. I agree with the statement honesty is the best policy. Everyone, to succeed in his or her life, should follow it. Though we can make money by improper ways, it would not give us good status in society. I believe that honesty is important for both personal life and business life. As we go through the history of the great leaders, they all succeed in their life in general by their life style. They all followed the truth and honesty.Honesty is very important in many aspects of our life. If we are honest, everyone will believe us. Generally, honesty is the best policy in any situation. Some people are very genuine and they hate those who tell lies for any reason. Other people accept ovalbumin lies when situation arises, even if they usually do not like lying. I strongly agree that cosmos honest is the most important devotion in a relationship. Honesty is the foundation of any well-working relationship. Whether it is with parents, friends, or any one else, honesty is important.No relationship can be successful without trust, which is gained from being honest. Many people learn this the hard way. I learned this approximative lesson in a way that really made me understand the importance of honesty. It was everywhere the summer going in to my sophomore year. I had scarcely received my drivers license and I was driving everywhere, interruption out with friends, and taking advantage of being away from my parents. My parents had planned a trip out of town for the weekend and specifically told me not to pass anyone over to the house.As I told a few of my friends approximately the trip and being by myself, we plotted to throw a caller. We went through with the plan we had a few friends over and hung out for awhile. A few of my close buddies dog-tired the night as well. The next day we spent an hour or two cleaning up the house exclusively it still looked quite suspicious. There were a few minor details that I over looked and my parents noticed. I made a few excuses to cover up the situation, but they didnt completely believe me. The truth finally surfaced I was in trouble.As I came clean on the events of that night I could see the trusts come down from their faces. Before, they had great trust in me and I had many privileges. After the party I had those privileges taken away and my parents were more aware of my actions. The night when the honesty policy truly engraved itself in me was when they told me that the worse part about the ordeal was me lying and trying to cover it up. The actual party itself is just a minor problem because everyone makes mistakes. That night I really grew up as a pe rson.I still make mistakes and bad decisions as everyone else, but the difference is by admitting them, it makes my conscience clear and my parents respect me. The consequences are not as great when you are honest. by dint of my experiences with being dishonest, I have learned a great deal about being honest. macrocosm honest only helps bad situations and being dishonest only hurts them. Through honesty I have gained stronger relationships with my friends and family and become a better person. I have concluded that to lead a successful well-rounded life, honesty is the best policy.

Breaking the hourglass (Evaluating time management’s importance) Essay

Time solicitude, according to Marc Mancini (2003), is organizing ones term in such a way that he or she get out be more fulfilled, more confident, less stressed and less prevent about his or her spirit dealings. Mancini (2003) pointed out the importance of managing conviction oddly in this fast-paced environment where twenty fours hours is no longer bountiful for a day. How an individual manages his or her beat is analogous to how he or she handles his or her life.Now that globalization has set in, condemnation watchfulness is no longer an individualistic concern. Through the years, various business organizations have right away launched programs and trainings that would address cartridge holder management problems. This situation hobo be attributed to the item that effectual quantify utilization increases ones productivity and has been implemental in improving service delivery (Politt, 2008). Brooks and Schofield (1996) in addition implied that time management con tributes to successful product developments. Another importance of time management can be observed in balancing critical life endeavors to achieve ones goals (Harvard Business School, 2005). It is a discipline of unequivocal ones life through efficient allocation of time (Harvard Business School, 2005).When personal goals are achieved, this translates to satisfaction and high performance. This is to the highest degree oddly true as for the case of many employees who are constantly receptive to stressful and pressure-driven working environments. Time management can therefore maintenance executives in helping their subordinates realize and attain their personal goals via creating more supple yet highly productive working arrangements and setting good examples (Line, 2002) Darryl Davis (2003) also asserted that time management is more of an attitude-related issue than plain technical foul task. Time management is an issue of ones willingness to utilize time more efficiently. It i s a matter of creating concrete decisions in terms of prioritizing tasks and establishing getatable work schedules. With this regard, effective time management and positive outlook alter employees to experience a equilibriumd life (Davis, 2003). Business companies, in return, can maximize their potentials. Ruth Klein (2005) also supported Davis contentions, stating that balancing priorities requires full decisiveness to execute all the planned changes. These changes should be then incorporated in a serious time management effort (Klein, 2005). Time is so precious that if one is able to spend his or her time sagely through effective and efficient time management, it is as selfsame(prenominal) as keeping gold bars in a vault.They say time is gold, but the truth is time is life itself. People live their lives by the ticking of the clock. Time also determines the success and failures of many companies. Under this context, time presents a double-edged sword. It can be an asset and a t the same time, a liability. Therefore, it is highly important for individuals and business organizations alike to establish efficient time management. Time management ensures that tasks are properly executed. Likewise, this also contributes to achieving balance in ones professional and personal endeavors.Reference slantBrooks, B. and Schofield, N. (1996). Time-to-market time equals moneybut where does it all go?. World kinsfolk Design to Manufacture. 2 (6), 4Harvard Business School (2005). Time management increase your personal productivity and effectiveness. Massachusetts Harvard Business School Publishing.Davis, D. (2003). How to function a power agent in real estate. New York Mc-Graw moundCompanies, Inc.Klein, R. (2005). Time management secrets for working women getting organized to get the most out of each day. Illinois Sourcebooks, Inc.Line, M (2002). How Should Managers Spend Their Time? Part 2. depository library solicitude. 23 (1./2), 101-102Politt, D. (2008). ISS r ises to the challenge of effective HR Management. Human Resource Management International Digest. 16 (2), 34-35Mancini, M. (2003). Time Management. New York Mc-Graw Hill Companies, Inc.

The Evolution Of American Slavery

destined servitude was, in Colonial America, one of the first forms of slavery. hold servitude was a thriving in that it gave both the master and servant, or slave, incentive to do their job. Indentured servants were contracted in for a period of time, typically five years, in which at the time of completion they received freedom dues. Freedom dues were money, land, and guns and such. whole expenses of travel and living were paid by the master, so it seemed wish a great plan for a poor Englishmen, but was non at all the case. Only forty percent of indentured reverts lived to complete their contracts.Following indentured servants, the first African slaves came into Virginia in 1619. Colonial America would briefly turn back dependent upon African slaves, and by 1 700 African slave mental hospital would nearly entirely replace indentured servants. In this year thither were around 27,81 7 slaves. In 1740, there were 1 50,024 slaves. Within 30 years after the slave nation had grown to nearly a fifth of the colonial population, at 462,000. The European demand for tobacco soon became a primary drive for slaveholders. It is estimated that between 1700 and 1 775 theChesapeake slave population grew from 1 to 1 million. Tobacco became a major economic factor, and slaves were need to farm the large amounts desired to export. This brought a higher demand for slaves as well. The population of saves began to grow everywhere. As slave numbers increased, so the racial difference between blacks and whites. Slaves had poor conditions most of the timer and in core came revolts and abolition movements. The most well known revolt was led by Nat Turner, a slave and preacher. The revolt was a short and bloody endeavour on Southampton County, Virginia.Revolts were unremarkably covered before they ever actually took action. Acts like these were not tolerated, and all people involved were to be hung. Cases were brought to the Supreme tap in the defense of and removal of slavery. Cases backing the removal of slavery usually lost. One example was the Dried Scott Case. It was ruled that Congress did not make the right to ban slavery in the states, and also stated that slaves were not citizens so therefore held no rights in America. Slavery was eventually abolished all in all by President capital of Nebraska issuing the Emancipation Proclamation and the declaring of the ThirteenthAmendment. Although Lincoln was assassinated before it was passed, it was passed and put into effect soon after the genteel War. The evolution of slavery in America was a yearn and composite issue. From Start to finish, slavery had its perks and downfalls. It was a unfortunate institution for many, and brought many differences end-to-end its expansion and growth. However, it was necessary in the upbringing of the United States, and so was its abolishment. We nonoperational the effects of our past today, and perhaps always will as long as it is studied, as it should.

Accomplishment Report

Republic of the Philippines DepED-REGION III Division of City initiates regularize III Daan Sarile wide-eyed School Cabanatuan City Accomplishment Report C. Y. 2011 * * School is said to be the place where learning takes place, thus pupils learning is a great accomplishments to every school. However accomplishments of school as a base institution within the community have different dimensions and components to improve and address. In order for this to realize shared efforts are required. For these, the following are the endeavors of Daan Sarile Elementary School for CY 2011. * * A.School Leadership/School Head * *Updating EMIS/SIS * *Trainings/conferences attended- * 1. earthly concern Accountability and Values Enhancement Seminar- March 23-25. * 2. t2t Orientation Training schedule for Teachers and School Officials-Oct 11-14,2011. * B. Pupils Development * *Registered 55 GSP and 44 BSP * *Organized Pupil Government, priming Savers Club, Future Homemakers Club. * * Participate d and won on different contest. * 1. District Read-a-Thon Contest winners * * Jellie I. Pascual- verbal Reading Interpretation, 2nd place ( side of meat) * * Jazz Chant fourth function * *Micol Joy D.Pagayanan- Oral reading Interpretation, 3rd place (Filipino) * 2. 2011 District crush Conference * *Revelyn L. Reselva- property Writing-Filipino 3rd tooshie * *April L. Reselva- Copyreading Filipino 3rd Place, * Feature Writing Filipino 3rd Place * *Von Ivan F. Flores-News Writing- English 2nd Place News Writing- Filipino 1st Place * *Joanna Grace T. Oteyza -Feature Writing Filipino 5th Place * *Marco G. Soriano-Feature Writing Filipino 4th Place * * *Scriptwriting & Radiobroadcasting 4th Place * *2011 Science Fair *Sayawit sa Kalikasan-Champion * * *Conduct Search for Mr. & Ms. Earth Savers * * fete Nutrition Month * *Celebrate Buwan ng Wika * *Conduct School shift Conference ,School Science Fair * *Participated in GSP Encampment- 15 No. of delegates * *Participated in BSP Enc ampment- 17 No. of Delegates * *Participated in Regional BSP Encampment No. of delegates * * C. rung Development * *Trainings Attended * 1. Gerleeh Q. Sacdal-Regional Seminar store on Campus Journalism-Oct. 21-24,2011-RELC * 2. Marlon M. Imperio-Regional Training in Elem.Math-Sept. 29-Oct. 2,2011, RELC * 3. Marlon R. Imperio, Evangeline F. adrineda, Jonathan D. Diaz, capital of Seychelles D. Arahan- * T2t orientation & Training Program for Teachers and School Officials-Oct. 11-14,2011, T Hall * 4. Ma. Luisa F. Pacolor, Jonathan D. Diaz-Division Seminar Workshop on On-Line Publication * 5. Jonathan D. Diaz, Loida O. Cruz- Division Jamborette * 6. Mary Ann Tatlonmaria Corazon J. Bautista, Gerleeh Q. Sacdal-Division Encampment * 7. SLAC in Mathematics by Mr. Marlon M. Imperio * * D. Curriculum Development * *t2t Program recipient * create ICT aided instructional materials in Science III, HKS III, Math IV-VI, EPP V &VI, Music, English V & VI, Filipino V. * * E. Physical Development * * reflection of Drainage * *Construction of Plant Boxes and Landscaping * *Putting-up of the following HPTA projects bookshelf-Grade III-Santan, wallfan-Grade IV-Dahlia,repainting of Grade V-Daisy classroom and mural paintings, Deskfan-Grade III-Rosal. * * F. alliance Development * *Participated and support the Waste Management Program implemented by the City Government thru CAECO. * * * * Prepared by * * VICTORIA D. ARAHAN * Principal I * * PICTORIALS * * * Classroom Structuring * * * Delegates to Regional BSP Jamborette * * * * * * * * * School Supplies from a stakeholder (Coun. Orlando Tumibay) * * * Stand fans donated by a pupil * * * * * * * * Regular Meeting with the stakeholders * * * Regular meeting with the teachers * * * * * * * * Buwan ng Nutrisyon solemnisation * * * * * * * * * * * School Feeding Program * * * Plentiful harvest from gulayan sa paaralan * * * * * * * * Tree put * * * Maintaining the cleanliness of school premises

Project Management-Transformational Corporate Strategy Essay

Overview of the work watchThe channel environs is genuinely competitive. Consequently, companies need to offer clients proficient and reliable dish up. If they do non, guests bequeath switching to to a greater extent consumer efficient companies. Furthermore, as companies grow in size, it becomes harder to keep plow of the growing amount of gross sales and customer information. If a corporation does a lamentable job by not commissioning and primary(prenominal)taining customer satisfaction, it evict result in problems for both the keep comp every last(predicate) and the consumer. This study exit focus on the Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing participation, more plebeianly known as 3M, and how it em officeed its employees, improved its harvest-home rate, customer value and sales by introducing a sore commence to growth.This study in addition provides slender question on the approaches and strategies applied by Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing alliance in its efforts to bend around the company after the loss of pro conciliate contempt the reputable strong tradition of induction finish. Firstly, the study provides critical elements of advanced methods applied in hostelry to exploit the useful gains from the excellent seek practise. This is through with(p) by explicating revolution at hug drugd that has been applied at the 3M fellowshipleading to advance(a) strategical thinking coupled with the work d one and only(a) on the ground. It then identifies the curative recommendations in addressing the major problems that have been determine throughout the case.The fundamental problem of the 3M partnership was the inability to exploit profitable profits by exploiting its excellent and reliable look utilize to the benefit of the company. Consequently, the company could not diversify its mathematical outputs in relation to the demands of the fast changing and school markets at a world tolerant level. The company need ed to embark on a major example change without compromising its excellent research tradition b arly to seek turn around strategies in raise to maximise its profits.Recommendations and conclusions atomic number 18 clearly defined and they reveal what the author thinks rough being an innovative leader who is able to support employees in their radical estimations by implementing the company tillage which is supportive to all of them to produce winning projects.QUESTION 1What be the master(prenominal) elements of the innovative mathematical operation at 3M? Is it possible and desirable for other companies to emulate them?Richard lynch defines founding as the generation and exploitation of new ideas. Furthermore it similarly provides nerves with the ammunition to electrical shock ahead of the competition. He res publicas that trigger go off deliver three invaluable asserts to strategic focus1. Substantial future growth2. Competitive proceeds3. Ability to spring ma jor competition, even dominant competitors The innovative process at 3M has usually been a focus area for the top management. The company adopted a get out of the away approach towards the return developers in return worked accordingly towards de besides, together with technicians each squad had a process engineer to ensure that the productwas efficiently do. The whole team did not face any risk if the product has failed. The product developers should coer visits in the factories and work institutionalizes to talk to the workers to get ideas for products. The developers were not given the share of product royalties as the company believed that existence was driven by sheer cope of it. But the developers were encouraged by various means the similar rewards for innovation and grants for innovative projects. There was also a dual ladder approach that provided the senior technical persons with great career opportunities to advance without switching over to management. around of the elements of an innovative process at 3M is a free frame, volume are able, capable and freed from any restrictions. Nevertheless someone should judge, review the initiation Process. Stage stones should be set up otherwise it is no truly process. Furthermore the consistency and the conquest factor should beat a specific period extremely revised and reconsidered regarding implement capability. In directlys competitive industry, cost plays a big role.Innovation is perhaps one of the most words that are over used in the business world today, and some of the organisations blow the innovation trumpet preach but dont necessarily practice. But there are organisations like 3M that do practice innovation which gives hope to the organisation as they are using innovation in their daily lives through ground breakout products & go which made the company to be in the top ten of Fortune magazines most admired US alliance.3M bon ton sticks to its innovation, If we take a step back fr om the Innovation process, for the process to be successful it necessarily an environment to encourage Innovation, below are the points of what the environment characteristics necessarily to be Organizations eager to take amount of moneyd risks.Business leading being able to understand engineering and the application of it. An organization that is undefended to change.An organization that is brave enough to see beyond the financial benefits is not made visible that quickly. Processes and structures to encourage brave thinking business leaders that are able to see what tomorrow will look likeThe Innovation Process(Tidd et al., 2005). States that the ability to manage the innovation process is an subjective competence of any organization, but members must first understand the kit and boodle of the process to be successful exercise 1.1 Adapted from OSullivan (Innovation Process) 5/29/2008O, Sullivan further explains thatIdea generationThe first set up in this perspective of th e innovation process relates to the creative activity of generating an opportunistic idea. This compass point involves the continuous s fuckning of the inner and external environment for threats and opportunities that office be developed into an innovation by the organization. This stage involves mining the sources of innovation for new ideas and evaluating solutions to identified problems. An organizational assimilation that encourages creativity and authorisement can importantly support this phase of the process this is exactly the similar culture that functional at 3M order. The input typically stems from a technical insight into a product or process.This is evident in the case of 3M, when Fry had an idea of taking a peelableadhesive that had been developed some years earlier at the 3M research laboratories and spreading it to marketers, it is further mentioned in the case study that it worked well.Opportunity RecognitionThe second stage of the process is prospect recognit ion, in which the prospect of developing the idea into a new product, process, or service is assessed and evaluated relative to other opportunities. This phase of the process involves deciding which innovative ideas will be pursued by the organization and which are deemed extracurricular its interest. The undertaking of innovative actions is both expensive and resource intensive for any organization, and even large organizations such as 3M.DevelopmentIf an opportunity is recognise as set aside for the organization, then the idea moves to a new stage where it can be developed further. This phase involves the growth of the idea or solution into a potential innovation that is ready for lay out to its internal or external market. The development of an innovation can be steeply resource intensive for any organization. It also applies to Fry when his ideas worked well and pass along permission to develop the product commercially and he was given an opportunity to develop a manufac turing process.RealizationThis phase of the innovation process relates to the launch to the market, which is where the customer makes the final evaluation of the innovation. Understanding customer needs is inseparable to ensure that the eventual offering to the market assembles these needs.Competitive AdvantageA superiority gained by an organisation when it can provide the same pass judgment as its competitors but at a lower price, or can charge higher prices by providing greater survey through specialisation which results from matchingcore competencies to the opportunities. They had strong innovation and research foundation at 3M phoner that has ability of setability, although they experienced loss before but they managed to turn around the situation. It appears that they do not have a competitor in the world with the same level as they are. Instead, there appears to be several(prenominal) competitors in each sector or industry in which 3M offers its products and work.Frequ ently, as companies grow, they tend to become morebureaucratic and less able to adapt to changes in the market or industry. To conclude I would say that 3M Companys existing controls are very good and support their strategy. However, they should also incorporate the other missing controls to ensure greater innovation power and profitability.Looking at todays Industries and competitions amongst them, in my opinion ,I would conjure up other companys pass off the steps of 3M, the have made some mistakes but were able to turn around the situation delinquent to their elements of innovation process.QUESTION 2What do you think of half dozen Sigma? burn other companies do the same? Firstly Six Sigma is defined as a program that is used to improve processes within the organization be it in manufacturing or production processes. Six Sigma is usually prepared at defining goals and problems, measuring existing data and processes, analysing problems and goals, improving processes or tasks a nd supreme how the problems will be resolved in the future. According to the research I have identified three traits from Six SigmaI.The advantages The benefits of Six Sigma contain the improvement and development of operating processes to ensure quicker response prison term, quality products andservices and better monitoring of performance and work outputs, which I think it is the trounce approach to growth for 3M since they have dropped their sales. This type of an approach or perplex surely and possibly saved 3M Company to come up with the give tongue to results and benefits because it provides a formula in which an existing processes is checked for consistency, efficiency and effectiveness, if it fails to measure to the existing industry standards it is revised and redesigned to match the best practices . I would pop the question other companies to do the same because it is the model that guides the company.II.The costs The Six Sigma model also ensures that costs will be d ropped because there will be specializeed clock spent in the process and more time to work on the actual tasks which is already handy at 3M. It appears time its cost is huge and that an organization has to appoint or hire a person that would guide and train top management and middle management in the principles of Six Sigma which is wise for all the companies like 3M than running their businesses at a lot, dropping sale, losing profit. Furthermore Six Sigma will also empower the employees to gain knowledge as it is the model that will require trainings, yes it will be costly but with productive results at the end.III.The risks Six Sigma might also have its own risks, some organisations might not be patient but looking at its approach, it had a positive impact on the 3M Company it also developed leadership skills and focused on customer satisfaction.Furthermore, even though the approach does wonders in the company, not allcompanies of the 3M embraces Six Sigma some of these reasons are very costly training of gentlemans gentleman force, only applies to the manufacturing industry, and it is just a trend. Other companies might think that, main issue that have to challenge with is if the Six Sigma really benefits the company orit cost the company to sacrifice the innovative and creative culture for the pursuit of continuous improvement of products to satisfy the customers and accelerate the financial performance. Nevertheless it proven worth it by 3M because of the rescue it has done to the company while it was fall behind.Organisational coatingIn terms of its organization culture, 3Ms Company culture is promoted to be freedom and full of excitement and anticipation. Employees enjoy being heroes. 3M Company is being innovative in its cultures and company growth, so the focus needs to be on how innovation in 3M, including working cultures and people management etc. can be replicated and benefits different areas in our daily applicationsGoldman, Maritz, Nienab er, Pretorius, Priilaid and Willliams (201094) referring to Roger Harrisons model of organisational culture mentions that it has various attributes with four types of culture that could be comfortably observed at 3M Company although one called power culture seemed to be more dominant than others. Goldman et al., (201095) continue their notion by saying that a person whose personality is suitable for the culture of the organisation will be more likely to succeed than the person who does not naturally fit within the organisations culture. The table below reveals all these cultures and their attributes.CultureAttributesAchievement cultureCompetence, growth, success and distinctionPower cultureStrength, direction, decisiveness, aspirationRole cultureStructure, order, stability, controlSupport cultureRelationships, mutuality, service, integration variety 2.1 Adapted from Goldman et al., (201095). Organisational cultures and their attributes.This case study has stressed some of the sep arate activities and principles that supply to 3M Companys performance. Most of these are not new and are certainly used by other companies. In 3M Companys case they may be summarized as an effective company culture that nurtures innovation and a range of management techniques and strategies that together have delivered long-term success.Most of companies pay lip service to the organisation values and practice set out in this case study. There is evidence that 3M Company supports these words with actions. 3M Company hire good people and trust them this will bring about innovation and excellent performance. 3M Company ensured that introducing Six Sigma is a good move than at other companies. Moreover, the success of the approach is out-of-pocket to the continual reinforcement of its objectives. Indeed, also the performance of single(a)s is partly judged on whether they are able to achieve the objective.Marketing pull and Marketing push technologyAccording to Lynch (2009283) market pull is one of the principal sources of innovation which is customer needs analysis. Baker in Lynch (2009293) emphasize by suggesting that innovation takes place when companies identify new market opportunities and this is how 3M Company essay to employ market pull by introducing Six Sigma and this exposes that they had ability for creating innovation. The 3M Company business area was completely different from what Six Sigma specialised on so they were necessary forced to encourage creativity, develop leadership skills, customer satisfaction, and exploration and focus where new ideas can come from a wide variety of sources.According to Lynch (2009283) Technology Push is technology development analysis whereby other industries are being surveyed for their technology developments and assessment of their relevance to its own. 3M Company joined forces with external companies as mentioned above in exhausting to introduce new approach to growth and link the internally controlled cultu re of technology push even though they assumed that it was market pull. Their main challenge at 3M Company is that they need to know what technologies to push so that they do not dissolve their establishments.The diagram below illustrates how the two sources of innovation should be exploited by organisation without distinction.Figure 2.2 Adapted from Lynch (2009283) Two major drives of innovation.QUESTION 3To what extent, if at all, does innovation numerate in setting the purpose of an organisation?Yes innovation does matter in this case because many organizations invest in innovation in order to change. Organizations put aside a percentage of turnovers to change products, processes, and services. In extra, theobjectives should be achieved because of this investment. Yet, a very large amount of innovation activities does not meet these objectives. The motives behind failure provides clue regarding how to avoid such failure in the future.In this case study the process by which the companies should apply innovation has been examined. It has been examined by making sure that employee understands the process by which innovation takes place in the work place and then improving. In this case study 3M organizations has tried to lower their innovation failure rates and move speedy with the process of growth as mentioned previously above about Six Sigma, the approach to growth.Looking at the process of innovation from idea generation, through evaluation, and on to realization, you will also find customers who become evaluators of the success of aninnovation in the company and by concluding there is also key ways to improve the ability of the company or organisation by monitoring the spare-time activity innovation processes Goals, Actions, Teams, Results.Goals of InnovationThe principal goals required by an organization in return for this investment vary between organizations. The following(a) have been found crossways a large number of manufacturing and service o rganizations and ranked in order of popularity, with the first goal being common to most organizations (European Commission, 1996) Improved quality Creation of new markets Extension of the product range trim back labour costs Improved production processes Reduced material Reduced environmental damage Replacement of products or services Reduced energy consumption Conformance to regulationsFollowing are the critical factors that managing technical innovation in 3M Companya) Organization cultureb) colloquy andc) ManagementThe causes of failure can vary widely depending on the individual innovation. Some causes will be external to the organization and outside its capture of control. Others will be internal and ultimately within the control of the organization. Some of the more common causes of failure in organizations can be distilled into the following five types (OSullivan, 2002) Poor goal definitionIt means that organizations find it serious to define their goals. Poor goal defin ition requires that organizations decide on appropriate goals for their environment and define these goals in terms that are understandable to everyone pertain in the innovation process. Poor alignment of actions to goalsMeans that organizations find it severe to continuously link the ideas and projects they are pursuing with their goals. This is perhaps even more acute if goals are difficult to define in the first place. It also influences effective management of the portfolios of projects that the organization is undertaking to ensure they are fit appropriately. Poor participation in teamsIt refers to the behaviour of individuals and teams, latent knowledge of the organization, and the particular skills of individuals to contribute to the achievement of innovation. It also refers to the payment and reward systems that link individuals to goals. The poor monitoring of resultsIt refers to sharing of the status of goals, actions, and teams involved in the innovation process within the innovation team and its main stakeholders. Poor communication and sense datum of participationIt relate to ineffective channels of communication and collaboration that encumber knowledge sharing and the ability of employees to participate as a broader community in the innovation process and make informed decisions when needed.Steyn, Schmikl and van Dyk (201066) state that knowledge delivers sustainable competitive advantage as illustrated below star toResulting toIncreased revenueKnowledge creationTechnologydevelopment experimental andemergent purposeInnovationEnhanced valueaddedStrongersustainablecompetitiveadvantageFigure 3.1 Adapted from Lynch 2009261- An emergent approach to purposeAccording to Palmer and Kaplan (20072) strategic Innovation is the creation of growth strategies, new product categories, services or business models that change the game and generate significant new value for consumers, customers and the corporation. According to Lynch (2009282) innovation is the generation and exploitation of new ideas. This has helped the 3M Company to gain strength in applying lessons learnt from previous experiences like the one of losing the sales and profit. This has made them to be able to deliver what refers to as the priceless assets to strategic management such as the following Substantial future growth The process of improving some measure of the organisations success which can be achieved either by boosting the top line or revenue of the business with greater product sales or service income. 3M Company able to restructure by introducing the approach to growth. Ability to leapfrog major competition, even dominant competitors Ability to conquer competition centre on extensive promotions to highlight the distinctive benefits or features of products. 3M Company had employees who are strong in making sales and come up with high successful product Post-it notes. In terms of the competition, it started internally.Every company seeks the keys to in novation, but few find them. Over the decades, 3M learned how to be innovative and today the company uses that skill to great competitive advantage. Jerry I. Porras, Co-author, Built to LastInnovation is more than just a bright idea it is an idea that gets implemented and has a real impact. In other words, somebody has to make it happen. Ernest Gundling, Author, The 3M counselling to Innovation balance People and Profit2.CONCLUSIONIt is advisable that, organisation should have its own database in order to fix or limit the problems in the company rather than running at a loss. 3M Company created their database and spent about $20 million, it in an integrated database, which stores information on customers, products, sales, inventory, and finance from all divisions and geographies. If all the organisations of the same nature can follow what 3M Company did, access can be gained to the database through a easy website. Strong search which bring together related products and services from across the whole 3M Company can be easily accessed. Personnel and partners can also access latest information on product prices, availability, specifications and reviews of customer accounts. The profitability of customers and products and the performance of partners can also be analysed across the entire company allowing better allocation of company resources. This allows 3M Company to take advantage of market opportunities and cross-selling opportunities and at the same time meet and customize the needs of customer segments. (Some of the information is adapted from Harvard Business Review)3.BIBLIOGRAPHY Ernest Gundling, Author, The 3M Way to Innovation Balancing People and Profit (European Commission, 1996) Goal Innovation Goldman, G., Maritz, R., Nienaber, H., Pretorius, M., Priilaid,D. & Williams, D.2010.Strategic Management Supplement for southerly Africa. (1st Edition) South Africa Pearson procreation. Havard Business Review. Vol 75 (6) 102-103 Jerry I. Porras, Co-aut hor, Built to Last Lynch, R. 2009. Strategic Management. (5th Edition). England Pearson Education Limited. McQuarrie, E.F. 1993. Customer visits. Building a better market focus. California sharp-witted Publication. OSullivan (Innovation Process) 5/29/2008

Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy A Journal Article Beatrice St. Surin Liberty University COUN-506 September 23, 2012 Abstract correspond to the article Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, published in the Journal of Psychology and Christianity in 2007, Siang-Yang erythema sol are talked rough how suppliant and watchword put up be incorporated into the practice of cognitive- dateal therapy (CBT).Lately, in the field of CBT, on that point have been an increased on a suggestive awareness regarding a two-comp mavinnt model that involves self-regulation of attention in order to preserved on flare knowledge, centers on present circumstances, and implements an orientation to the acceptance of a persons situation. Tan demonstrated that this model of CBT can be combined with ingathering and scriptural truth to bring long-term benefit to knobs.He mentioned a utilize up by Hayes, Luoma, Bond, Masuda and Lillis (2006) that defined an ancient method of behavior therapy that was divided into trio generational actions and involved a gradual transition from traditional behavior therapy and CBT to a collection of views and admissiones like Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) (Tan, 2007, p. 101). Tan referred to a self-developed biblical model to this come that consists of an 8-part cover. These processes consist of emphasizing agape love, the unavoidableness to cultivate a sincere and open relationship with the client.While they ease the process of hardenedtling with past unresolved issues they alike swear out with discovering spiritual importation by means of scriptural truth to stimulate behavior sort depend on the sacred olfactory propertys ministering concentrating on the main goal and stick to techniques that are biblical. The discussion of ongoing research in front generated irrefutable statements about the advantage of CBT (Tan, 2007, p. 102). Tan as well addressed the implement of impli cit and explicit integration in therapeutic situations.He vowed that the choice of every an implicit or an explicit method should be decided scratch and fore nearly by the necessities of the client, and that the consecrated Spirit should be relied upon for guidance (Tan, 200, pp. 102-103). agree to the article, Tan however, did not emphasize to take for granted that each(prenominal) clients entrust be comfortable with the inclusion of prayer and scripture in the CBT process. He stated that this mount may not be suitable with more severely distressed or psychotic clients (Tan, 2007, p. 104).A completed intake query forget obviously unveil whether the client is open to this method or whether this technique is appropriate. Tan stressed that this type of approach is very serious to clients who are experiencing depression, anxiety and anger issues, as well as those struggle with habituations. One method, developed by Tan in 1992, is a 7-step inward healing prayer. This met hod is a form of communication between the counselling and the client to concentrate more on Christ than upon the hurt or childhood trauma they have experienced.It is re bothy good that Tan also described actual interaction between client and counselor (Tan, 2007, p. 105). Tan indicated that the appropriate and ethical use of Scripture and prayer in CBT can be a significant help to Christians clients who exclusively believe the Bible to be the inspired Word of beau ideal and their important authority in life (Tan, 2007, p. 108). He also expressed how the use of Scripture can enhance cognitive restructuring.Although, this technique of combining prayer and scripture with CBT appeared to be a very good approach, Tan cautioned the readers that in that location are some clients who will not accept it, even though several empirical studies have shown its benefits. It is evident to see how the author is addressing an approach to therapy that has in the past been overlooked by many ty pical practitioners. The conspiracy of CBT with prayer and scripture obviously provides most clients with durable, maintenance-free resolution.Since we are created by idol (Genesis 127), in my opinion, it rack ups perfect sense to go to him when something is broken and lead repairing. As Christians, we understand that absolute truth comes only from the Scriptures and that God alone is truth. In the comening was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God (John 11). I believe Christian counselors should, therefore, make positive use of what God has attached them in their attempts to reconstruct an individuals thought rocesses. Subsequently we all have bad thinking some judgment of convictions and are in invite to reframe the mind. For instance, harmonise to the word, Jesus died for all of our sins (John 316, 1 John 2 1-2), but afterward we accepted Jesus Christ in our lives, most of us struggled with self- forgiveness. We can only count on the Holy Spirit to ch ange our thoughts and reveal the truth through the Scriptures to re swan all the lies and misconceptions, we explicate from old traumatic experiences.The knowledge I accrued from this article are similar to what I went through myself last year around this time but, I would say I found it very encourage that data-based studies are beginning to demonstrate the benefits of incorporating prayer and scripture into CBT, and that the scientific company is beginning to take notice. After exercise this article, I was inspired to look for more information on this subject, and see what others are doing in this field of study to help the great unwashed who profoundly brokenhearted.Its acknowledged that in CBT a therapist with the topper intentions can convince a client to power differently about themselves and to change their views about their history. Although, after I find a family member fell into a deep depression after she lost of her keep up, got better with Therapy then lost it co mpletely when her mother passed away. It is obvious that at any particular time in a clients life one day, something dramatic can happen and all the operate accomplished can be undone by another(prenominal) disturbing event that can cause the client to regress to the front defective thinking.I would say, I truly believe until a client is set free by the Lord Jesus Christ, the giver of life (Genesis 27) they will never be completely free. Application As a Christian who had to face my own demons in life, I could say forward July 2011 I never used the principles of the inner healing prayer. It was not until I was strike by a very rare illness that was destroying me mentally and physically, no doctor or specialist knew what was wrong with me when part of the unsoundness was visible physically. All tests ran was very good but no one new or could explain why I was so sick.It wasnt until a friend of mine took me to his Co-Pastor at a new church, and the minister of religion and his wife are both professional Christian counselors. They used that approach for me and I found it to be a very effective approach. Although, I have to say that I truly believed God did a miracle for me imputable to the fact that I was not only healed mentally, but also physically. I will definitely use this method when I complete my degree and begin helping people. Furthermore, I plan to use this approach with references to the Scriptures, as the Lord guides me for all my clients who will be open to this method.Even though, proficient now I am working as an accountant, my line of work does not involve any counseling or helping people but I have many of my tax clients, business clients, Church brothers, sisters and friends with various problems. Many are depressed, suffer from gender confusion, childhood traumas and addiction issues. I believe with the help God, this extra education and with support from my husband and children, I will incorporate prayer and scripture with CBT in my mi nistry at my church and in my community. My approach with my clients will be to always begin a session with prayer.Then a complete intake interview, follow with encouraging the client to reflect and retrieve the memories that have been the most traumatic if it is a new client. I will help the client to develop a warm and open relationship with me, make he/she feels safe and that it is okey to accept the truth of what happened, and recognize the hurts and dishonesties associate with the memories. As the client re-live the events of what took place in the past, I will pray silently and call upon the Holy Spirit to take control, to give me discernment and reveal the truth to me about the memories.I will then encourage the client to tell me what he/she is vox populi and discern from the answers what book of the Bible can be helpful according to the Word of God. I will also tell the client to do a confession prayer to ask God for forgiveness and help to forgive anyone that was not easy to forgive. This will then be followed by giving the client some homework that might include a 3 day of fast while asking God to reveal more memories. I will ask them to write down anything else that God reveals during the fast after the previous session.After the client has obtained truth from the Lord regarding the ineffable event, we will then re-visit that place and see how the client feels about the memory board and how he/she relates to the new experience. From there I will ask the Holy Spirit to guide me to what to do next. I will encourage prayer, reading the scriptures, meditation on the word and anything that transpires before the next session. I will end the session by asking the client to pray and convey God for revealing the truth.The use of prayer and scripture in combine with CBT seems to be a very effective technique to help clients make sense of their difficulties. I believe this approach can be the best medicine for a long-term change and freedom from memories who are modify peoples lives. References Dake Annotated Reference Bible. Tan, S. -Y. (2007). Use of prayer and scripture in cognitive-behavioral therapy. Journal of Psychology and Christianity, 16(2), p. 101-111.

Use Of Statin Therapy Health And Social Care Essay

Morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) ar devil to five times higher in patients with suit 2 diabetes. With mortality rates of up to 80 % among the diabetic community, CVD is considered to be the primitive complication of typewrite 2 diabetes. The utilisation of pharmacological agents and lifestyle alterations to break away glycemic control hit present a drop in lay on the line of the microvascular complications associated with type 2 diabetes, neverthe little, the end these have in cut pour down the hazard of macrovascular complications remains ill-defined. It has hence been suggested that hydroxymethylglutaryl- CoA reductase inhibitors ( lipid- measlyering practice of medicines ) are indicated for the primordial coil bar of CVD in every(prenominal) patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Lipid-lowering medicines work by suppressing the HMG-COA enzyme which catalyses the transition of HMG-CoA to mevalonic acid, an archaean taproom in cholester in synthesis. This produces personal effects which result in the reduction of entire cholesterin, LDL cholesterin and triglyceride. Other benefits reported ensuing from the usage of long term lipid-lowering medicine therapy include suppression of arterial brush up musculus cell proliferation, bar of oxidization of LDL cholesterin, plaque stabilization effects on macrophages, betterment of goalothelial map and anti thrombotic and anti inflammatory effects all of which contribute to the bar of cardiovascular level(p)ts.A recent meta depth psychology conducted by the Cholesterol Treatment Trialists Confederates ( 2008 ) analysed statin therapy in 17 220 persons with type 2 diabetes within 14 indiscriminately controlled tribulations ( RCTs ) with a average continuance of keep up was 4.3 venerable ages. The writers reported a 21 % falling off in major cardiovascular events per mmol/l decrease of LDL-C. It was likewise put in that the effects of statin therapy were similar rega rdless of any pre bing history of CVD and other baseline features. It was concluded that statin therapy should be considered for all persons who are at high hazard of CVD.The meta analysis keep an eye on figure of speech allows the writers to show the over all termination the intercession of lipid-lowering medicine therapy has on the bar of CVD in patients with type 2 diabetes. The inclusion of merely every which way controlled sieves ( RCTs ) is a strength of the analysis as they are considered to be the favorable criterion in reasearch design as the minimise the hap of taxonomic diagonal. However in a meta analysis whether or non a RCT was sincerely random or non to a great extent relies on the writers instruction of the methodological analysis. One restriction of this sight is the possible for publication prejudice by the knowing exclusion of surveies which demonstrate conflicting consequences. However the writers turn to this by discoursing two surveies which show no in-chief(postnominal) decreases in primary results in patients having statin therapy and concluded that including them in the analysis would h onetime(a) do no important diference to the overall consequences of the survey.The Heart Protection memorise, 2003 aimed to look into the effects of cholesterin take downing with Zocor in people with diabetes. The melodic theme describes a randomized placebo controlled campaign in which 5963 ( 90 % of which had type 2 diabetes ) people with diabetes and 14, 573 people with arterial occlusive disease but no diabetes were indiscriminately allocated to have 40mg of simvastatin day-to-day or a placebo drug. The primary result for analysis was fatal or non fatal vascular event. pursuit induction of statin therapy participants were seen for modus operandi follow up cheques at 4, 8 and 12 months until the concluding follow up visits which averaged at 4.6 old ages.( bosom security survey )Findingss related to patients with diabetes demonstr ated 25 % decrease in the relative incidence of outset primary result. The writers concluded due to the broad scene of diabetic patients surveies that the consequences provided grounds that cholesterin take downing therapy is good for people with diabetes even if they do non hold pre bing cardiovascular disease or high cholesterin concentrations and hence statin therapy should be considered routinely for all diabetic patients. ( HPS and section of lipid-lowering medicines )The HPS RCT design allows both the Zocor group and the placebo group to be followed up and analysed in footings of the results defined at the beginning of the survey. As the writers provided baseline features such as cholesterin, age and continuance of diabetes guaranting the groups were every bit similar as possible, the results can hence be attributed to the intercession of Zocor.Prior to the Heart rampart survey similar RCTs had included a upper limit of 1500 patients with diabetes. The high-risk sample size of 5963 patients with diabetes produced a good balance between the two groups and allowed the writers to successfully unwrap a important statistical difference between the results of Zocor and the placebo. The 4 twelvemonth follow up period demonstrated that these effects were sustained. The writers of the survey were besides responsible for the survey design, informations aggregation, information analysis, informations reading material and authorship of the hire, which minimises the curtain raising of any possible struggle of involvement.The Collaberative atorvastatin diabetes study ( CARDS ) , 2003, was similar to the HPS in footings of its purposes and findings but was the first test to measure statin therapy specifically in patients with type 2 diabetes. The CARDS test was a random placebo controlled survey in which 2838 patients aged between 40 and 75 were indiscriminately allocated to have either 10mg of atorvastatin day-to-day or a placebo with an intended follow up period of 6 old ages. The inclusion standard was no history of cardiovascular disease, an LDL-cholesterol concentration of 4 & A Acirc 14 mmol/L or lower, a fasting triglyceride nerve center of 6 & A Acirc 78 mmol/L or less, and at least one other hazard concomitantor. The primary end point was cartridge to first happening of the followers acute coronary bosom found disease events, coronary revascularisation, or shot.The writers reported that the group treated with Lipitor had an mean decrease of 26 % in entire cholesterin and a 40 % decrease in LDL-C. The hazard decrease for primary end points was reduced by 37 % with atorvastatin day-to-day equated with placebo. The writers concluded that atorvastatin daily is safe an in cut downing the hazard of first cardiovascular disease events, in patients with type 2 diabetes irrespective of low baseline LDL-C degrees and that patients with type 2 diabetes should reciecve lipid-lowering medicine therapy regardless of LDL- C degrees. As with The HPS one of the chief strengths of the CARDS test was the survey design. The random tryst of participants to groups helped to minimise systematic prejudice and the similarity in the baseline features depict between each group increased the internal cogency of the consequences. As this piece of research was original in footings of the fact that it was the first survey to specifically look into the effects of statin therapy specifically in patients with type 2 diabetes the significance of the consequences themselves are another strength of the survey and play a major function in the development of the American diabetes connecter guidelines which now recommend that all grownups over the age of 40 with diabetes should have lipid-lowering medicine therapy. At the 2nd interim analysis a important difference was reported in favor of Lipitor at and by-line reccomendations from the safety supervising board the tests was terminated 2 old ages previous than anticipated. Had the test been allowed to go on the consequences may hold showed even great benefits of lipid-lowering medicine therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes and more clearly demonstrated the sustainability of these effects. The multicenter facet of the survey design should hold allowed for a wider scope of population groups ( e.g. people from different cultural, environmental or cultural backgrounds ) and the ability to compare consequences among Centres, all of which would increase the generalizability of the survey. However participants included in the CARDS test were 78 % male and 95 % white which may non be spokesperson of the type 2 diabetic population in the UK and Ireland and which question the dependableness of any decisions made from the survey findings. The CARDS test was partially funded by Pfizer Incooperated an atorvastatin maker who were besides responsible for planing the computing machine generated randomization codifications and pre boxing all the drugs used in the surv ey. Although the study itself was prepared severally of support beginnings, while Pfizer Incooperated have an involvement in showing the benefits of atorvastatin struggle of involvement can non be ruled out.The Atorvastatin Study for Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease Endpoints ( ASPEN ) , 2006 once more, aimed to look into the consequence of 10mg of Lipitor versus a placebo on cardiovascular bar in patients with type 2 diabetes and LDL-C degrees below the current guideline marks. This paper describes a survey which was originally designed as a randomized dual covert placebo controlled analysis. 2410 participants were indiscriminately assigned to have either 10mg of atorvastatin day-to-day or a placebo drug with a follow up continuance of 4 old ages. Inclusion standards were work forces and adult females with diagnosed type 2 diabetes and LDL-C degrees of less than3.6 mmol/l. The primary end points for analysis were cardiovascular related decease or major cardiovascular event suc h as myocardial infarction or shot.The writers found that those participants allocated to have 10mg of atorvastatin day-to-day demonstrated a average decrease of about 0.9 mmol/l and a 10 % decrease in primary results over the 4 twelvemonth follow up period. The writers concluded that although the ASPEN survey did non corroborate the benefit of lipid-lowering medicine therapy it does non alter the fact that the bulk of diabetic patients are at hazard of cardiovascular disease and merit LDL cholesterin take downing to recommended marks.The dual imposture survey design strengthened the dependability of the ASPEN test findings as both the participants and the research thespians were incognizant of who had been allocated to which intervention group. This minimized the possibility of research worker prejudice which could hold potentially invalidated the consequences.The survey had an extended exclusion standards including with type 1 diabetics and any patient who had experienced a myoc ardial infarction, interventional processs or episode of unstable angina 3 months prior to the lead up of the survey. This resulted in a sample of participants with fewer hazard factors than in old surveies which meant that the consequences can be more confidently attributed to the intervention. ? ? ? However patients with implicit in vascular disease were included in the survey therefore theintervention of lipid-lowering medicine therapy could be considered secondary bar which could potentially impact consequences. The survey was conducted 14 different states in 4 continents nevertheless the writers mention no analysis to find the baseline similarity in baseline features of the sample. The sample was 84 % white and 64 % male which is unrepresentative people with type 2 diabetes worldwide and therefore it is hard generalise the findings of this survey.Another survey which questioned the the justification for current guidelines associating to statin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes was conducted by Wanner et Al. ( 2005 ) . The test was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, prospective survey of 1255 topics with type 2 diabetes having guardianship haemodialysis. participant were indiscriminately assigned to have either 20 milligram of atorvastatin per twenty-four hours or a duplicate placebo. The primary terminal points were cardiovascular related mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and shot. The survey found that Lipitor had no important consequence on the decrease of primary terminal points in those patients allocated to have atorvastatin day-to-day. The writers concluded that everyday lipid-lowering medicine intervention to preclude the cardiovascular hazard factors associated with type 2 diabetes is non warranted in patients who are having care hemodialysis.Similar to old surveies the design of this test maximized the dependability and cogency of its findings by utilizing a dual blind method to cut down the possibility of research work er prejudice. The usage of a control group besides allowed comparings to be made between the effects of Lipitor and the placebo. The sample size of 1255 was calculated to be suffcient to let a 90 % power to observe a 27 % decrease in primary terminal points and the follow up period of 4 old ages demonstrated the permanent consequence of these consequences. The survey sample included a broad age scope of people between the ages of 18 and 80 from 178 Centres across Germany increasing the representativeness of the findings. in spite of the fact that the survey demonstrated no cardiovascular hazard decrease, the possibility that the pathogenesis of cardiovascular events in patients having hemodialysis possibly different from those patients with type 2 diabetes but no terminal phase nephritic disease must be considered when pulling decisions sing the bar of CVD utilizing statin therapy.